3 2 Cell Organelles Homework In the middle

3. 2 Cell Organelles Homework In the middle section of pg. 24: Draw a tree map classifying Prokaryotic cells, Eukaryotic cells, and Viruses Cells and Viruses Prokaryotic Eukaryotic Viruses

3. 2 Cell Organelles Draw a tree map classifying Prokaryotic cells, Eukaryotic cells, and Viruses Cells and Viruses Prokaryotic • No nucleus Eukaryotic • Nucleus Viruses • DNA in protein Coat • No organelles • Organelles • Needs a host • Single-cellular • Multi-cellular • Antibiotics do not work on them • DNA in cytoplasm • And Single-cellular • DNA in nucleus • Vaccines prevent

3. 2 Cell Organelles On the bottom of pg 24: Compare and contrast a prokaryotic cell and a eukaryotic cell in a double bubble map.

3. 2 Cell Organelles Cells tend to be microscopic No nucleus Has a nucleus All are produced by other cells Always single celled Prokaryotic cells No membrane -bound organelles All cells are enclosed by a membrane Basic unit of life All cells are filled with cytoplasm. Eukaryotic cells Has membranebound organelles

3. 2 Cell Organelles KEY CONCEPT Eukaryotic cells share many similarities. Plant Cell Animal Cell Can you find some similarities? ?

3. 2 Cell Organelles Main Ideas • Cells have an internal structure • Several organelles are involved in making and processing proteins • Other organelles have various functions • Plant cells have cell walls and chloroplasts STANDARDS • • • 1. e Students know that usable energy is captured from sunlight by chloroplasts and is stored through the synthesis of sugar from carbon dioxide 1. g Students know the role of the mitochondria in making stored chemical-bond energy available to cells by completing the breakdown of glucose to carbon dioxide 1. j Students know how eukaryotic cells are given shape and internal organization by a cytoskeleton or cell wall or both

3. 2 Cell Organelles Like your body, eukaryotic cells are highly organized structures.

3. 2 Cell Organelles • Skin: receives sensory information (touch) protects • Intestines: digest food • Kidneys: Filter waste • Bones: protect and support other organs

3. 2 Cell Organelles • Cell membrane: receives messages from other cells • Separates interior material from outside environment • Selectively permeable (only certain things can move in an out) How can we compare the cell membrane to our skin?

3. 2 Cell Organelles • The cytoskeleton is made of small protein subunits that form long threads, or fibers, that crisscross the ENTIRE cell.

3. 2 Cell Organelles – provides strength – helps position and transport organelles – assists in cell division – supports and shapes cell How can we compare the Cytoskeleton to our human Skeleton?

3. 2 Cell Organelles • The nucleus stores genetic information or DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid).

3. 2 Cell Organelles • protects the DNA • The nucleolus is a dense region where tiny organelles essential for making proteins are assembled Nuclear envelope

3. 2 Cell Organelles There are two types of endoplasmic reticulum. – rough endoplasmic reticulum Have bumps called ribosomes which link amino acids together to form proteins

3. 2 Cell Organelles – smooth endoplasmic reticulum Makes lipids and performs specialized functions such as breaking down drugs and alcohol.

3. 2 Cell Organelles Golgi apparatus- processes, sorts, and delivers proteins to different parts of the cell Ex: like a post office

3. 2 Cell Organelles • Vesicles transport materials from place to place within the cell. Separate chemicals from each other until they are going to be used in a chemical reaction Ex: Mailman

3. 2 Cell Organelles • Mitochondria supply energy to the cell. – Chemical reactions take place that convert the molecules you eat into usable energy

3. 2 Cell Organelles • Vacuoles hold materials needed by the cell such as water, food molecules, ions, and enzymes Animal cell Plant cell

3. 2 Cell Organelles • Lysosomes contain enzymes. They defend the cell from invading bacteria and viruses.

3. 2 Cell Organelles Centrioles help divide DNA between splitting animal cells (mitosis and meiosis). They also form cilia (hair-like structures) and flagella (tail-like structures). *only in animal cells

3. 2 Cell Organelles • A cell wall gives shape to the cell and provides protection. Connect together to support the entire organism. *Only in plants

3. 2 Cell Organelles • Chloroplasts convert solar energy to chemical energy. They carry out photosynthesis *Only in plants