3 03 REMEMBER THE STRUCTURES OF THE SENSORY

3. 03 REMEMBER THE STRUCTURES OF THE SENSORY SYSTEM: Tongue

ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS What are the structures of the sensory system: tongue? 3. 03 Remember the structures of the sensory system 2

THE SENSES ● Eyes ● Sight ● Ears ● Hearing ● Nose ● Smell ● Tongue ● Taste ● Skin ● Touch 3. 03 Remember the structures of the sensory system 3

TONGUE 3. 03 Remember the structures of the sensory system 4

STRUCTURES OF THE TONGUE 3. 03 Remember the structures of the sensory system 5

STRUCTURES OF THE TONGUE • Taste receptors • Also known as gustatory buds or taste buds f o e p y t t a Wh tissue is ? e d a m e u the tong skeletal 3. 03 Remember the structures of the sensory system 6

TRIVIA TONGUE • Did you know… • Taste is the weakest of the five senses • We have almost 10, 000 taste buds inside our mouths; even on the roofs of our mouths • Everyone’s tongue print is different similar to fingerprints 3. 03 Remember the structures of the sensory system 7

3. 04 Understand the functions of the sensory system Essential Questions ● What are the functions of the sensory system: tongue ? 3. 04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 8

Understanding the functions of the tongue Taste 3. 04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 9

Understanding the functions of the tongue • Gustatory receptors (taste buds) • Move food around while chewing and helps you talk Can you identify the cranial nerves? • V. trigeminal: mouth and chewing • IX. glossopharyngeal: taste, etc • XI. accessory: swallowing • XII. Hypoglossal: movement of the tongue 3. 04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 10

Did you know? ? ? Taste Trivia ● An adult has on average 9, 000 taste buds (a child even 10, 000) ● More buds means the individual perceives more types of taste ● The spicy foods (like chili peppers) stimulate the pain receptors, not the taste buds 11

Structures of the tongue: taste buds … w duce o o n r p k n u i o a r y b the Did te makes co eating cho la iates natural op ng ei b l l e w f o ense s a s e c u d • Pro ain p s e c u d e R • y! p p a h u o y • Makes Agreeable or disagreeable? Identify the taste bud. sweet 12

Structures of the tongue: taste buds Saltytaste bud. 3. 04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 13

Structures of the tongue: taste buds Agreeable or disagreeable? Identify the taste bud. 3. 04 Understand the functions and bitter disorders of the sensory system 14

Structures of the tongue: taste buds Agreeabl. Soure or disagreeable? 3. 04 Understand the functions and Identify the taste bud. disorders of the sensory system 15

Understanding the functions of the tongue • Taste Salty Sour Sweet Bitter NEW! Umami 3. 04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 16

Sense of Taste What is the relationship between the sense of taste and the sense of smell? 3. 04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 17

Understanding the functions of the tongue Taste Activity Do you like all of your taste buds? 3. 04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 18

Disorders of the tongue 3. 04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 19

Disorders of the tongue Glossitis • Gloss itis –An inflammation of the tongue 3. 04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 20

Disorders of the tongue: Glossitis • What causes glossitis? –Allergic reactions to medications, food, and other irritants may aggravate the papillae and the muscle tissues –Diseases that affect your immune system may attack the tongue’s muscles and papillae, oral herpes simplex may contribute to swelling and pain in tongue –Low iron levels, myoglobin is important for muscle health –Dry mouth, caused by a lack of saliva –Trauma, injuries or inflammation (burns, braces, biting) 21

Disorders of the tongue: Glossitis Treatment: • Antibiotics and other medications that get rid of infections may be prescribed if bacteria or fungi are present in your mouth or body • Pain drugs may also be ordered to relieve your pain until your condition is successfully treated. What are the benefits of good oral hygiene in treatment and prevention of glossitis? 3. 04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 22

Disorders of the tongue: Strawberry tongue Cause is scarlet fever. How are disorders of the tongue relevant to taste? 3. 04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 23

Disorders of the tongue: Strawberry tongue What are other causes of strawberry tongue? ● Pernicious Anemia, Iron Deficiency Anemia and several more conditions 3. 04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 24

Disorders of the tongue: Strawberry tongue How are disorders of the tongue relevant to taste? ● Disorders alter the taste of your food due to lack of taste buds functioning properly 25

Disorders of the tongue: Thrush Oral thrush occurs when your immune system can’t maintain its natural defense against the Candida albicans fungus 3. 04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 26

Disorders of the tongue: Thrush Who most likely gets it? ● Can be contacted at birth, vaginal yeast spread to newborn 27

Disorders of the tongue: Thrush How is it prevented? ● Practice good oral hygiene by brushing and flossing every day ● Rinse out your mouth after using a corticosteroid inhaler ● When taking antibiotics add acidophilus capsules or yogurt with Lactobacillus to your diet 3. 04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 28

Disorders of the tongue: Thrush How is it treated? ● Antifungal medication How are disorders of the tongue relevant to health? ● Causes papillae to disappear ● Food has no taste ● Affects the way you eat and talk 3. 04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 29

3. 04 Understand the disorders of the tongue Essential Questions ● What are the disorders of the sensory system: tongue? 3. 04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 30