2016 Wheat Weed Control Treated A Stanley Culpepper

2016 Wheat Weed Control Treated A. Stanley Culpepper University of Georgia Tifton, GA Untreated

Discussion Topics 1. Review traditional control methods 2. Discuss new approaches 1. Broadleaf control 2. Ryegrass control

Controlling Broadleaf Weeds Most effective program 1. Harmony Extra fb MCPA or 2, 4 -D 2. Harmony Extra + MCPA or 2, 4 -D 3. 2, 4 -D alone 4. MCPA alone 5. Harmony Extra alone Least effective program

Controlling Broadleaf Weeds Most effective program 1. Harmony fb MCPA or 2, 4 -D 2. Harmony TS + MCPA or 2, 4 -D 3. 2, 4 -D alone 4. MCPA alone 5. Harmony Extra alone Least effective program

MCPA vs 2, 4 -D CROP RESPONSE: MCPA: 2 tiller to full tiller wheat 2, 4 -D: full tiller wheat WEED RESPONSE: Similar on small weeds; 2, 4 -D better on larger weeds. Both outstanding on radish.

Ryegrass Control in Wheat 1. A genetic stud– will develop resistance to ALL herbicides more quickly than any other known plant. 2. Extremely competitive with grain production. 3. Great options available ……….

Ryegrass Control in Wheat 1. A genetic stud– will develop resistance to ALL herbicides more quickly than any other known plant 2. Extremely competitive with grain production. 3. Great options available ………. IF YOU DON’T HAVE RESISTANCE

Non-treated control Hoelon 2 X rate

Non-treated control Power. Flex 3 X rate or Osprey at 3 X rate

Non-treated control Axial XL 2 X rate

Annual Ryegrass – In Crop ACCase Inhibition Holeon Axial ALS Inhibition Osprey Power. Flex PSII and VLCFA Axiom Inhibit Microtubule Prowl

Ryegrass Control in Wheat • Resistance management: Axial and Hoelon have same mode of action. Treat a field only once every two years with either. Osprey and Power. Flex have same mode of action. Treat a field only once every two years with either. • Timeliness is critical

Proper Timing of POST Materials • Timeliness is critical !!! • With normal planting date, generally best to apply around Christmas ACY 9 -04

Ryegrass Resistant to ALL POST’S • Efforts underway to understand impacts of deep turning.

Ryegrass planted 0. 5 inch followed by deep turning. Ryegrass planted 0. 5 inch without tillage.

Deep turning reduces ryegrass emergence. Webster, 2014. 809, 000 Plant/A 1210 Plant/A Control Deep Turn Ryegrass was planted with a grain drill at a depth of 0. 5 inch followed by no tillage (control) or by deep turning seeds 10 to 12 inches deep. Plant/A are the number of plants that emerged by late-season.

Ryegrass Resistant to ALL POST’S • Efforts underway to understand impacts of deep turning. • New products: A. Zidua B. Fierce (section 24 c)

Zidua: Effective on Ryegrass • Outstanding residual ryegrass control! • Suppression of few broadleaf weeds. If Zidua is activated prior to ryegrass emergence, excellent control expected! If ryegrass is up when applied then control of emerged plants not likely.

Zidua: Effective on Ryegrass • Delayed preemergence: A. Seed planted at least 0. 75” deep B. 80% of seed germinated with 0. 5” shoot C. 0. 75 to 1 oz (sands); 1 to 1. 25 oz (med texture) • Early POST (spike through 4 -tiller): A. Seed planted at least 0. 5” deep B. 1 to 2 oz/A

UGA Data With Zidua on Ryegrass control; Zidua 1 oz/A activated before emergence. Loc % 1 92 2 93 3 99 W 2 -11; W 3 -11; W 14 -11; W 5 -12; W 13 -12, W 1 -13 4 99 5 99 6 93 Avg 96

UGA Data With Zidua on Ryegrass control; Zidua 1 oz/A activated before emergence. Loc % 1 92 2 93 3 99 4 99 5 99 6 93 Avg 96 Ryegrass control; Zidua 1 oz/A applied to spike wheat. Loc % 1 2 87 100 3 71 4 74 5 77 W 2 -11; W 3 -11; W 14 -11; W 5 -12; W 13 -12, W 1 -13 W 11 -12; W 14 -12; W 1 -12; W 7 -12; W 8 -12; W 1 -13; W 2 -13; W 7 -13 6 59 7 74 8 82 Avg 78

Fierce (Section 24 c GA Label) • Good ryegrass & I think broadleaf control! • Must walk slowly with injury concerns.

Fierce (Section 24 c GA Label) • Outstanding ryegrass & I think broadleaf control! • Must walk slowly with injury concerns. • Application between spike and 2 lf wheat: A. Seed planted between 1 and 1. 5 inch deep B. Apply at 1. 5 oz/A C. Do not apply on sands!!!! D. Do not mix with anything but water!!! E. MUST BE ACTIVATED PRIOR TO WEEDS ½”

UGA Data With Fierce on Ryegrass control with Fierce applied spike to wheat. Loc % 1 100 2 100 3 95 4 99 5 97 6 100 • Residual component must be activated for acceptable control. (100 vs 71) W 7 -12; W 8 -12; W 3 -13; W 4 -13; W 7 -13; W 11 -13 Avg 99

UGA Data With Fierce on Radish control with Fierce applied spike to wheat. Loc % 1 92 2 100 3 99 4 98 Avg 97 • Residual component must be activated for acceptable control. W 3 -13; W 4 -13; W 7 -13; W 11 -13

Summary 1. Great options for broadleaves 2. Using same herbicide MOA on a piece of ground guarantees resistance in 3 yr 3. Walk slowly with Fierce! 4. Do not treat the same ground 2 years in a row with Fierce or Zidua!