2009 PrenticeHall Inc 1 Technology in Action Chapter

© 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 1

Technology in Action Chapter 3 Using the Internet: Making the Most of the Web’s Resources © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 2

Chapter Topics • • Forms of Internet communication Internet multimedia E-commerce Managing online annoyances Web browsers URLs Hyperlinks © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 3

Chapter Topics (cont. ) • • Search engines Boolean operators Evaluating Web sites How data travels on the Internet service providers Origin of the Internet Future of the Internet © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 4

Internet Communications • • • Instant Messaging Podcasts Blogs and Vlogs Webcasts Wikis Voice over Internet (Vo. IP) • E-mail © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 5

Internet Communications • Group communication – – – Internet social network Multiplayer online game services Chat rooms Newsgroups Listservs © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 6

Instant Messaging • Real-time textbased conversations • List of contacts: buddy list • Contacts must be online • IM software detects presence • Example: AOL Instant Messenger © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 7

Podcasts • Podcasts: Compressed audio/video files distributed on the Internet • RSS (Really Simple Syndication) technology allows constant updates for subscribers • Podcasts are all over the Web – Need “aggregator” software to gather podcasts – Need media player software to play them • Simple to create © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 8

Blogs and Vlogs • Weblogs: blogs – Available to the public – Simple to create, read, and manage – Entries listed on a single page with most recent entry at the top – Searchable • Video blog: vlog – Digital video clips playable on media player software © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 9

Webcasts and Wikis • Webcast: Broadcast of audio/visual content over the Internet – Not updated automatically – Use streaming media • Wiki: Web site that allows anyone to change its content – provide source for collaborative writing © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 10

Voice over Internet Protocol • Vo. IP: Using the Internet to place phone calls • Uses technology similar to e-mail to send voice data digitally • Requires a microphone, an Internet connection, and a Vo. IP provider • Services differ: – – Free services require an account on both ends Paid services connect phone to computer Cable/DSL providers offer phone through broadband Wi. Fi IP phones call through Internet hotspots and wireless networks © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 11

E-mail • Electronic mail • E-mail accounts – Client-based – Web-based © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 12

Social Networks • Social networks: online personal networks – My. Space. com and Facebook. com • Members share common interests • Members communicate by voice, chat, IM, video, and blogs • Members create personalized profiles • Growth has been explosive • Risks must be recognized and reduced © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 13

Multiplayer Online Game Services • Multiplayer Online Games: play occurs over the Internet among many other players • Persistent or ever-on game environment • Some games let you interact with other players © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 14

Chat Rooms • • • Real-time text-based conversations Rooms focus on specific topics or interests Identity protection – Username • Netiquette: Rules of polite interaction © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 15

Newsgroups and Listservs • Newsgroups – Online discussion forums – Members post and reply to messages – Create or respond to “threads” • Listservs – Electronic mailing lists of e-mail addresses of people interested in a topic – Threads are sent as e-mails – Less public than newsgroups © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 16

Web Entertainment • Multimedia: – Involves forms of media and text • Graphics • Audio • Video – Streaming audio and video – Some files require plug-in © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 17

E-Commerce • E-Commerce: Conducting business online – Business-to-consumer (B 2 C) – Business-to-business (B 2 B) – Consumer-to-consumer (C 2 C) © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 18

E-Commerce Safeguards • Online transactions can be safer than traditional retail shopping • Veri. Sign is a company that certifies that online transactions are secure • Closed padlock icon indicates a secure web site • URL changes from http: // to https: // © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 19

Online Annoyances • • • Spam Cookies Adware/Pop-ups Spyware Malware Phishing and Hoaxes © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 20

Spam • Junk e-mail • Avoid spam: – Separate e-mail account – Spam filters – Antispam practices © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 21

Cookies • Text files stored on client computers when visiting Web sites • Used on return visits to Web sites • Unique ID number • Personal information remembered • Privacy risk © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 22

Adware and Pop-Ups • Adware – Programs that download on your PC when you install/use other software – Enable sponsored ads to appear in your browser window or as pop-up • Pop-ups can be eliminated – Pop-up blockers – Anti-pop-up software © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 23

Spyware • Added as a program piggybacked with a requested program • Gathers information, usually about surfing habits • Antivirus software doesn’t detect it • Spyware removal programs are required © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 24

Malware • • • Software that has a malicious intent Spyware is a form of malware Other forms are viruses, worms, and Trojan horses • Designed to render a computer useless or penetrate it completely © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 25

Phishing and Hoaxes • Phishing – Phony communication that attempts to scam someone into revealing personal information – Often looks very official • Hoaxes – Contain information that is untrue – May request that people send money © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 26

Navigating the Web: Web Browsers • • Computer software Graphical Enables Web navigation Popular browsers: – Internet Explorer – Mozilla’s Firefox – Camino (Mac OS X) © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 27

Browser Features • Quick tabs: Shows thumbnail images of all open Web pages in open tabs • Tabbed browsing: Multiple pages available in same browser window © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 28

Getting Around the Web • • Web sites URLs Hyperlinks Favorites and Bookmarks © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 29

Web Sites • Web site: – Collection of related Web pages – First page known as Home or Index page • Web page: – HTML document • Text and graphics – Unique address – Hyperlinks © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 30

URLs • URL: – Uniform Resource Locator – Unique Web site address URL © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 31

Current Top-Level Domains. aero. biz. com. coop. edu. gov. info. jobs. mil. museum. name. net. org. pro. travel © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Members of the air transport industry Businesses Can be used by anyone Cooperative associations Degree granting institutions United States government Information service providers Posting and recruiting job opportunities United States military Museums Individuals Networking organizations Organizations (often nonprofits) Credentialed professionals Travel-related services 32

Hyperlinks © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 33

Favorites and Bookmarks • List of favorite Web pages • Easy method of returning to Web pages • IE and Safari = Favorites • Firefox = Bookmarks © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 34

Search Engines • User keys word or phrase in search box • “Spider” or “Web crawler” program scans Web pages • Results are indexed and sent to the client © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 35

Subject Directories • Web pages organized by topics and subtopics • Do not use keywords to search • Narrow search by clicking on subfolders © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 36

Boolean Operators • Boolean operators: Used to refine searches © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 37

Evaluating Web Sites • Who is the author of the article or Web site sponsor? • What audience is the site geared toward? • Is the site biased? • Is the information current? • Are links available? © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 38

Internet Basics • • Clients and servers Connecting to the Internet Finding an Internet Service Provider Origin of the Internet © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 39

Clients and Servers • The Internet is a client/server network • Client computer: – Users connected to the Internet – Requests data and Web pages • Server computer: – Stores Web pages and data – Returns the requested data to the client • IP addresses © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 40

Connecting to the Internet • Dial-up connections • Broadband connections – Cable – Satellite – DSL © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 41

Broadband Connections • Cable – Uses coaxial cable and a cable modem – Fast connection speed – Speed depends on number of users – Not available in all areas Coaxial cable © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 42

Broadband Connections • Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) – Uses telephone lines – Faster than dial-up – Doesn’t tie up line – Requires special DSL modem © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 43

Broadband Connections • Fiber optic Internet – Sends light through fiber optics – Fast – Expensive – Only available in certain areas © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 44

Broadband Connections • Satellite – Uses a satellite dish and coaxial cable – Almost anyone in the U. S. can receive satellite service – Signal is affected by location and weather © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 45

Dial-Up Connections • Uses standard telephone line • Requires a modem to convert analog and digital signals • Slowest connection speed (56 K) © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 46

Comparing Internet Connection Options © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 47

Internet Service Providers • Provides user access to the Internet • National, regional, or local companies • Broadband connection: broadband provider is your ISP • Dial-up connection: need to determine ISPs available in your area © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 48

The Origin of the Internet • ARPANET – Advanced Research Projects Agency Network – Funded by the U. S. government in the 1960 s – Allowed computers at leading universities and research organizations to communicate with each other over great distances © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 49

The Web vs. the Internet • The Web is part of the Internet distinguished by: – Communication protocols (TCP/IP) and languages (HTML) – Special links (hyperlinks) • • • 1989: Web invented by Tim Berners-Lee 1993: Mosaic browser 1994: Netscape: beginning of Web’s major growth © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 50

Future of the Internet • Large Scale Networking (LSN) – Research and development of cutting-edge networking and wireless technologies • Internet 2 – Project sponsored by universities, government, and industry to develop new Internet technologies – Internet 2 backbone supports transmission speeds of 9. 6 Gbps © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 51

Future of the Internet • Web 2. 0 – Social networking sites – Wikis – Podcasts – User content databases © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 52

Chapter 3 Summary Questions • How can I communicate through the Internet with IM, Weblogs, podcasts, Vo. IP, Webcasts, wikis, e-mail, chat, newsgroups, and listservs? © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 53

Chapter 3 Summary Questions • What are the various kinds of multimedia files found on the Web and what software do I need to use them? © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 54

Chapter 3 Summary Questions • What is e-commerce, and what e-commerce safeguards protect me when I’m online? © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 55

Chapter 3 Summary Questions • How do I manage online annoyances like spam, cookies, adware, spyware, malware, phishing, and Internet hoaxes? © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 56

Chapter 3 Summary Questions • What is a Web browser? © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 57

Chapter 3 Summary Questions • What is a URL, and what are its parts? © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 58

Chapter 3 Summary Questions • How can I use hyperlinks and other tools to get around the Web? © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 59

Chapter 3 Summary Questions • How do I search the Internet using search engines and subject directories? © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 60

Chapter 3 Summary Questions • What are Boolean operators, and how do they help me search the Web more effectively? © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 61

Chapter 3 Summary Questions • How do I evaluate a Web site? © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 62

Chapter 3 Summary Questions • How does data travel on the Internet? © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 63

Chapter 3 Summary Questions • What are my options for connecting to the Internet? © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 64

Chapter 3 Summary Questions • How do I choose an Internet service provider? © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 65

Chapter 3 Summary Questions • What is the origin of the Internet? © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 66

Chapter 3 Summary Questions • What will the Internet of the future look like? © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 67