20 5 Funguslike Protists Slide 1 of 34
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20– 5 Funguslike Protists Slide 1 of 34 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall End Show
20– 5 Funguslike Protists Funguslike protists are heterotrophs that absorb nutrients from dead or decaying organic matter. Unlike most true fungi, funguslike protists contain centrioles. They also lack the chitin cell walls of true fungi. Slide 2 of 34 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall End Show
20– 5 Funguslike Protists Slime Molds Play key roles in recycling organic material Found in damp places rich in organic matter (forest floor, compost piles, etc) At one stage of their life cycle, slime molds look just like amoebas. At other stages, they form moldlike clumps that produce spores, almost like fungi. Slide 3 of 34 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall End Show
20– 5 Funguslike Protists Slime Molds Two groups of slime molds are recognized: • Cellular slime molds, whose individual cells remain separated during every phase of the mold's life cycle. • Acellular slime molds, which pass through a stage in which its cells fuse to form large cells with many nuclei. Slide 4 of 34 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall End Show
20– 5 Funguslike Protists Slime Molds Cellular Slime Molds Phylum Acrasiomycota Most live as free-living cells that are not easily distinguishable from soil amoebas. In nutrient-rich soils, these amoeboid cells reproduce sexually and produce diploid zygotes. Slide 5 of 34 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall End Show
20– 5 Funguslike Protists Slime Molds When food is scarce, the cells produce spores. They emit chemicals to attract cells of the same species. Thousands of cells gather into a sluglike colony that functions like one organism. Slide 6 of 34 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall End Show
20– 5 Funguslike Protists Slime Molds The colony moves slightly, then stops to produce a fruiting body, a slender reproductive structure that produces spores. Then the spores are scattered from the fruiting body. Each spore produces one cell, starting the cycle again. Slide 7 of 34 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall End Show
20– 5 Funguslike Protists Slime Molds Life Cycle of a Cellular Slime Mold Fruiting body Spores Emerging amoebas Solitary cell Aggregated amoebas Zygote Fruiting body Migrating colony Slide 8 of 34 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall End Show
20– 5 Funguslike Protists Slime Molds Acellular Slime Molds Phylum Myxomycota Begin as amoeba-like cells. When they aggregate, their cells fuse to produce structures with many nuclei known as plasmodia. Slide 9 of 34 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall End Show
20– 5 Funguslike Protists Slime Molds Life Cycle of an Acellular Slime Mold Fertilization Mature sporangium Spores Germinating Young sporangium Zygote Feeding Mature plasmodium Slide 10 of 34 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall End Show
20– 5 Funguslike Protists Slime Molds Fruiting bodies, or sporangia, arise from the plasmodium. The sporangia produce haploid spores by meiosis. Mature sporangium Zygote Young sporangium Mature plasmodium Feeding plasmodium Slide 11 of 34 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall End Show
20– 5 Funguslike Protists Slime Molds Spores scatter and germinate into flagellated cells. Cells fuse to produce diploid zygotes. Germinating Spores Slide 12 of 34 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall End Show
20– 5 Funguslike Protists Water Molds Phylum Oomycota Oomycetes, or water molds thrive on dead or decaying organic matter in water. Some water molds are plant parasites on land. Slide 13 of 34 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall End Show
20– 5 Funguslike Protists Water Molds Water molds produce thin filaments known as hyphae. Hyphae do not have walls between cells so they are multinucleate. Water molds have cell walls made of cellulose and produce motile spores, two traits that fungi do not have. Water molds reproduce both sexually and asexually. Slide 14 of 34 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall End Show
20– 5 Funguslike Protists Water molds In asexual reproduction, portions of the hyphae develop into zoosporangia, which are spore cases. Flagellated Spores (N) Hypha Mycelium (2 N) Germination and mitosis Zoosporangium ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 15 of 34 End Show
20– 5 Funguslike Protists Water Molds Each produces flagellated spores that swim in search of food. Flagellated Spores (N) Hypha Mycelium (2 N) Zoosporangium Germination and mitosis ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 16 of 34 End Show
20– 5 Funguslike Protists Water Molds When they find food, the spores develop into hyphae, which then grow into new organisms. Flagellated Spores (N) Hypha Mycelium (2 N) Zoosporangium Germination and mitosis ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 17 of 34 End Show
20– 5 Funguslike Protists Water molds Sexual reproduction occurs in specialized structures formed by the hyphae. Antheridium Egg cells (N) FERTILIZATION Zygotes (2 N) MEIOSIS Mycelium (2 N) Oogonium Male nuclei (N) Fertilization Flagellated spores (N) Zoosporangium SEXUAL REPRODUCTION Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 18 of 34 End Show
20– 5 Funguslike Protists Water molds The antheridium produces male nuclei. Antheridium Egg cells (N) FERTILIZATION Zygotes (2 N) MEIOSIS Mycelium (2 N) Oogonium Male nuclei (N) Fertilization Flagellated spores (N) Zoosporangium SEXUAL REPRODUCTION Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 19 of 34 End Show
20– 5 Funguslike Protists Water molds The oogonium produces female nuclei. Antheridium Egg cells (N) FERTILIZATION Zygotes (2 N) MEIOSIS Mycelium (2 N) Oogonium Male Fertilization nuclei (N) Flagellated spores (N) Zoosporangium SEXUAL REPRODUCTION Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 20 of 34 End Show
20– 5 Funguslike Protists Water molds Fertilization occurs within the oogonium, and the spores that form develop into new organisms. Antheridium Egg cells (N) FERTILIZATION Zygotes (2 N) MEIOSIS Mycelium (2 N) Oogonium Male Fertilization nuclei (N) Flagellated spores (N) Zoosporangium SEXUAL REPRODUCTION Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 21 of 34 End Show
20– 5 Funguslike Protists Water Molds Life Cycle of a Water Mold FERTILIZATION MEIOSIS SEXUAL REPRODUCTION ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION Slide 22 of 34 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall End Show
20– 5 Funguslike Protists Ecology of Funguslike Protists Slime molds and water molds recycle organic material. After organisms die, their tissues are broken down by slime molds, water molds, and other decomposers. The dark, rich topsoil that provides plants with nutrients results from this decomposition. Slide 23 of 34 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall End Show
20– 5 Funguslike Protists Ecology of Funguslike Protists Some funguslike protists can harm living things. Land-dwelling water molds cause a number of plant diseases, including mildews and blights. A water mold was responsible for the Great Potato Famine in the 1800 s. Slide 24 of 34 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall End Show
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