2 Thoracic and Abdominal Pelvic Membranes Thoracic membranes
2. Thoracic and Abdominal Pelvic Membranes Thoracic membranes: Walls of right and left compartments are lined with parietal pleura (“pariet” = wall; “pleur” = rib) Lungs are covered with visceral pleura (“viscera” = organs in a body cavity) Pleural cavity – fluid-filled “space” between the parietal and visceral pleural membranes Heart is surrounded by pericardial membranes (“peri” = around; “cardi” = heart) Visceral pericardium Parietal pericardium Pericardial cavity
Fig. 1. 7 a
Fig. 1. 7 b
Fig. 1. 8
3. Organ Systems a. Body covering - Integumentary System b. Support and Movement: – Skeletal System – support – Muscular System - movement c. Integration and Coordination: – Nervous System – brain, spinal cord, nerves, and sensory organs – Endocrine System - all the glands that secrete hormones
3. Organ Systems (cont. ) d. Transport: Cardiovascular System – flow of blood Lymphatic System – transports tissue fluid back to the bloodstream e. Absorption and Excretion: Digestive System – receives, breaks down, and absorbs food Respiratory System – moves air in and out, and exchanges gases between blood and the air Urinary System – removes waste from blood; maintains water and electrolyte balance f. Reproductive System – produces offspring
Anatomical Terminology Describes: 1. Relative Positions of body parts to each other 2. Body Sections – cutting or sectioning the body along various planes 3. Body Regions
Relative Positions 1. Superior – above (or closer to the head) 2. Inferior – below (closer to the feet) 3. Anterior (ventral) – toward the front 4. Posterior (dorsal) – toward the back 5. Medial – middle (closer to the R-L midline) 6. Lateral – side (further from the R-L midline) 7. Proximal – closer to a point of attachment 8. Distal – further from a point of attachment 9. Superficial – near the surface (shallow) 10. Deep – more internal (further from the surface)
Fig. 1. 7 a
Fig. 1. 7 b
- Slides: 10