2 Origins of American Government Our Political Beginnings
2. Origins of American Government.
Our Political Beginnings.
The Coming of Independence.
The Critical Period.
Creating the Constitution.
Ratifying the Constitution.
limited government
limited government is restricted in what it may do, and each individual has certain rights that government cannot take away
representative government
representative government the idea that government should solve the will of the people “government of, by, and for the people”
Magna Carta
Magna Carta Great Charter in 1215, established the principle that the power of the monarchy was not absolute
Petition of Right
Petition of Right 1628, challenged the idea of divine right of kings, declaring that even a monarch must obey the law of the land
English Bill of Rights
English Bill of Rights 1689 - prohibit a standing army in peace time - required that all parliamentary elections be free - right to a fair trial
charter
charter for each colony, a written grant of authority from the king
bicameral
bicameral two house legislature
proprietary
proprietary king makes a land grant to a person Ex: 1632 Maryland to Lord Baltimore 1681 Pennsylvania to William Penn
unicameral
unicameral one-house body
confederation
confederation joining of several groups for a common purpose
Albany Plan of Union
Albany Plan of Union annual congress of delegates from each of the 13 colonies to raise military and naval forces and to tax Natives
delegate
delegate representatives
boycott
boycott a refusal to buy or sell certain products or services
repeal
repeal with drawn
popular sovereignty
popular sovereignty government can exist only with the consent of the governed
Articles of Confederation
Articles of Confederation established “a firm league of friendship” among many states
ratification
ratification formal approval
presiding officer
presiding officer chair, leader of Congress
framers
framers the group of delegates who attended the Philadelphia Convention
Virginia Plan
Virginia Plan largely the work of Madison, presented the idea of 1. legislative 2. executive 3. judicial
New Jersey Plan
New Jersey Plan favored unicameral Congress with equal representation from each state How should the states be represented in Congress?
Connecticut Compromise
Connecticut Compromise two houses Senate = equal representation House = based on population
Three-Fifths Compromise
Three-Fifths Compromise “three-fifths of all other persons” so southerners could count their slaves in the population count
Commerce and Slave Trade Compromise
Commerce and Slave Trade Compromise forbids Congress to tax the exports of goods from any state, forbids the power to act on the slave trade for 20 years, until 1808
Federalists
Federalists favored ratification of the Constitution, favored a stronger central government
Anti-Federalists
Anti-Federalists opposed ratification of the Constitution, lacking a bill of rights and opposed the greatly increased powers of the federal government
quorum
quorum majority
Politics and Skills
Foundations of American Rights
The Magna Carta
The Thirteen Colonies, 1775
The Magna Carta
Stamp Act
Voices on Government
Boston Tea Party
Washington’s Leadership
Common Features of State Constitutions
Thomas Jeffersson
The Declaration of Independence
Weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation
Shay’s Rebellion
Mount Vernon
Selected Framers of the Constitution
Constitutional Convention
Slavery in the United States, 1790.
Political Cartoon
An Era of Revolutions
Defending the Constitution
Analyzing Political Cartoons
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