2 5 Formatting Citations Notes and Bibliography NotesBibliography

2. 5 Formatting Citations Notes and Bibliography

Notes-Bibliography Citations �Note Style • Full Citation when work first cited • Denoted in text with Superscript numbers • Bibliography NOT directly linked to notes �Two Types of Notes • Footnotes • Endnotes 2

Example: Notes-Bibliography Style History occurred in the past, so why do so many history students write in the present tense or even in End or Foot Note 1 Jules R. Benjamin, A Student’s Guide to History, 9 th ed. (Boston: Bedford / St. Martin’s, 2004), 60. the “continual past, ” a form closely related to the non-English “subjunctive”? Jules Benjamin, an authority on historical method, give this good advice: “When writing about historical events, use the past tense. ” 1 3

Note Entries vs. Bibliographic Entries Note Jules R. Benjamin, A Student’s Guide to History, 9 th ed. (Boston: Bedford / St. Martin’s, 2004), 60. 1 Bibliography (Alphabetized) Benjamin, Jules R. A Student’s Guide to History. 9 th ed. Boston: Bedford / St. Martin’s, 2004. 4

Part 2: Elements of Citations Turabian, 7 th ed. , Ch. 17 5

Elements of Full, Full Citation for a Book, Notes-Bib. Style Author’s Name, � Title and Subtitle � Name of Editor, Compiler, or Translator � Number or Name of Edition Other than First � Name of Series in which work appears � (Publication Information), � Page Number of Specific Info. � • Do not use “p. ” or “pp. ” to denote page Example: Jules R. Benjamin, A Student’s Guide to History, 9 th ed. (Boston: Bedford / St. Martin’s, 2004), 60. 6

Elements of Journal Article Note �Authors Name, �“Title of Article, ” �Title of Journal �Volume, �Issue Number �(Publication Date): �Page Numbers of specific info. Example: Martin T. Olliff, “Life and Work in a Progressive Cotton Community: Prattville, Alabama, 1846 -1860, ” Agricultural History 68, no. 2 (Spring 1994): 57. 7

Newspaper or Magazine Citation Elements �Author’s name (if known), �“Article Title” or “Headline, ” �Periodical Title, • Newspapers: Add City and State if Needed • Well-Known Papers Do Not Need City Names �Publication Date: Month, Day, Year. �Generally Omit Page Number in Newspapers Example: Rex Thomas, “Auburn Quietly Registers Negro, ” Huntsville (AL) Times, January 5, 1964. 8

Elements of A Website Citation �Name of Content Author [if known], �“Title of Webpage, ” �Title or Owner of Website [Not Italicized], �URL �(Accessed <date here>). Example: Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Cornell University, and UNITE! “Sweatshops And Strikes Before 1911, ” The Triangle Factory Fire, http: //www. ilr. cornell. edu/trianglefire/ narrative 2. html (accessed August 2, 2007). 9

Subsequent References �Two Methods of Shortening References • Author’s Last Name, Short Title, Page. • Author’s Last Name, Page. �DO NOT USE THIS ONE �Shortening a Title • Only for Titles of more than 5 words • Use Key Words • If Confusing, make a note in first, full citation �Eg: American National Biography (hereafter cited as ANB) 10

Ibid. �Lat. ibidem = “in the same place” �Reference comes from the same place as the previous citation. �Page number can change �Abbreviation, so ends in a period �Not Italicized. �If another work by AUTHOR in previous note, use “idem” 11