2 3 Puritan New England Puritans Create a

2. 3 Puritan New England

Puritan’s Create a “New England” • Puritans: church members who wanted to “purify” or reform the Church of England • emigrated to the New World to create model society • How do these motivations differ from those of the Jamestown colonists?

Puritans Create a “New England” • Puritanism: Originated with the Reformation. • Queen Elizabeth I creates the Church of England (which split from the Catholic tradition) • not everyone thought this was enough • Believed God is experienced directly through faith, prayer and study of the Bible • This was at odds with the belief in priests and bishops as the experts

Puritans Create a “New England” • Some Puritans thought they could reform the church from within. • Separatists (Pilgrims): did not think this was possible; needed to start new • Pilgrims founded the Plymouth Colony in 1620 • the 2 nd permanent English colony in the Americas • John Winthrop: 1 st governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony • “The lord will provide a shelter and a hiding place for us. ” • Spear heads the royally-chartered Massachusetts Bay Company • Based in England Puritans could maintain an independent government

Puritans Create a “New England” • John Winthrop • “So shall we keep the unity of the spirit, in the bond of peace…. Ten of us will be able to resist a thousand of our enemies. For we must consider that we shall be as a City upon a Hill, the eyes of all people are on us. ” • What does he mean by “City on a Hill”? • “some must be rich, some poor, some high and eminent in power and dignity others common and in subjugation. ”

City Upon a Hill Source Analysis

Puritans Create a “New England” • Voting rights belonged to the stock-holders and all men belonging to the Puritan Church • open elections

Puritans Create a “New England” • Little separation of church and state • laws were typically based on religious beliefs • Importance of the Family • arrived as families • It takes a village philosophy

Dissent in the Puritan Community • Roger Williams • • • Minister with controversial ideas. Disagreed with forced attendance for church. Disagreed with taking Native American land by force General Court orders his arrest; he flees. 1636, he found Providence, Rhode Island. Guarantees separation of church and state, religious freedom.

Dissent in the Puritan Community • Anne Hutchinson • • • Believes people can worship without church, minister, or Bible. Held discussions that challenged church authority at her home. Banished in 1638; family, followers leave to Rhode Island.

Native American Resist Colonial Expansion • As the success of these colonies grew, new waves of colonists came from England, needing more land. • Land disputes: conflict over “ownership” • Native Americans didn’t see land treaties as permanent

Pequot War • The Pequot War (1637) • Pequot Nati take a stand in Connecticut • Colonists allied with Pequot enemy and surrounded their fort • killed hundreds • “This is evil, too furious, too many killed. ”