2 3 Puritan New England Puritan Origins Puritans

(2. 3) Puritan New England

Puritan Origins �Puritans sought to remove all traces of Roman Catholicism from the Anglican Church / Church of England �Puritans wanted to “purify” the Church and separatists wanted to “separate” �The Puritans split, and the separatist movement is formed – most notably the Pilgrims who land in Massachusetts in 1620

Mayflower Compact �Signed by all 41 men aboard the Mayflower �“In the name of God Amen…” it is heavily influenced by their religious views �This compact pledges loyalty to King James and forms “a civil body politick”

Massachusetts Bay Company � 1630 – John Winthrop and the Arbella � Winthrop and other Puritans are fleeing England for religious freedom, economic opportunity and political rights � “City upon a Hill” – J. Winthrop � Massachusetts charity” � Originally will be a model of “Christian male stockholders can vote but it expands to male churchgoers

�http: //millercenter. org/scripps/archive/spee ches/detail/3418 �The powerful symbolism “…a city upon a hill” has been used by modern politicians, notably Kennedy and Reagan

Dissenters �Roger Williams is banished for advocating the separation of church and state �Williams escapes to Providence and establishes the separation of church and state and freedom of religion (1 st Amendment) �Anne Hutchinson also banished for leading religious discussions

King Phillip’s War � 1675 -1676 � Named for King Phillip (Chief Metacom of the Wampanoag) � Causes: the murder of John Sassamon and subsequent trial and hanging of 3 Native Americans � The war was highly destructive in terms of lives and property. Metacom is killed in battle and his head is put on display in Plymouth