1999 2006 2010 2011 Frontal horn cysts in

著作: • 1999: • 2006: • 2010: • 2011: 加護病房實戰手冊(合記圖書出版社) 臨床理學檢查(藝軒圖書出版社) 臨床理學檢查指引手冊(藝軒圖書出版社) Frontal horn cysts in normal neonates Developmental venous anomaly found by cranial US in a neonate Eye-of-the-Tiger sign is not Pathognomonic of Pantothenate Kinase-Associated Neurodegeneration in Adult Cases

大腦的發展 20周 100 g 出生 400 g 18個月 800 g 三歲 1100 g 成人 1300 -1400 g

Classification of seizures

Descriptors of focal seizures according to degree of impairment during seizure

Electro-clinical syndromes and other epilepsies Electro-clinical syndromes arranged by age at onset

Electro-clinical syndromes and other epilepsies Electro-clinical syndromes arranged by age at onset

Electro-clinical syndromes and other epilepsies Less Specific Age Relationship Familial focal epilepsy with variable foci (childhood to adult) Reflex epilepsies

Electro-clinical syndromes and other epilepsies Distinctive Constellations Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis (MTLE with HS) Rasmussen syndrome Gelastic seizures with hypothalamic hamartoma Epilepsies that do not fit into any of these diagnostic categories can be distinguished first on the basis of the presence or absence of a known structural or metabolic condition (presumed cause) and then on the basis of the primary mode of seizure onset (generalized versus focal).

Electro-clinical syndromes and other epilepsies Epilepsies attributed to and organized by structural-metabolic causes Malformations of Cortical development (hemimeganencephaly, hetertopias etc) Neurocutaneous syndromes (Tuberous sclerosis complex, Sturge-Weber, etc) Tumor Infection Trauma Angioma Peri-natal insults Stroke Etc.

Electro-clinical syndromes and other epilepsies Epilepsies of unknown cause Conditions with epileptic seizures that are traditionally not diagnosed as a form of epilepsy per se. Benign neonatal seizures (BNS) Febrile seizures (FS)

• Raphael (Raphaelo Santi, 1483 -1520): Raphael's last picture, 'Transfiguration of Christ' 聖彼得教堂

• 'Teacher, I brought my son to you, because he has an evil spirit in him and cannot talk. Whenever the spirit attacks him, it throws him to the ground, and he foams at the mouth, grits his teeth and becomes stiff all over. ' (Mark 9, 17 -18) 「老師，我帶了我的兒子來找你，因為有一隻啞 鬼附在他身上。鬼折磨他，使他常常摔在地上， 口吐白沫，咬牙切齒，全身僵硬。」

前顳葉切除術 (Anterior temporal lobectomy)

病灶切除手術 (Lesionectomy)

大腦半球切除術 (Hemispherectomy)

胼胝體切開術 (Corpus callosotomy)

軟腦膜下腦迴切開術 (Multiple subpial transection)

迷走神經刺激 (Vagus nerve stimulation)