1950s Objectives Analyze the extent and causes for

1950’s • Objectives – Analyze the extent and causes for Conformity in the 1950’s by identifying 3 lifestyles that became common in the 1950’s – Explain the causes and impact of the early Civil Rights Movement by explaining 2 major incidents or people from the 1950’s – Explain the expansion of role of government by explaining 2 new ways the government was seeking to make the US a world leader and greatest country in the world

• ID: Ozzie and Harriet (884) • Summary 1: How does this family look and what issues do they deal with? • White, Middle Class (family issues of middle class. Suburban America- girls, school, neighbors, growing up? • Is that a real reflection of Americans?

• OI- Affluence and Its Anxieties • 1)How many homes were built in the 1950’s and what percentage were built in the suburbs? • 1 in 4 built in 1950’s, 83% in suburbs • Suburbs- new neighborhoods just outside of cities that provided simple, similarly built, affordable homes and neighborhoods (very white, middle class) – Levittown- suburb in New York ($5000 for house, Pre. Fabricated housing- made off site (assembly line) and assembled at site

• 2) How did the nature of work change in the 1950’s? (White collar vs. blue collar) • White collar (businessmen) outnumbered blue collar (factory workers) • 3) What type of life did television depict? • Suburban families w. working father, stay at home mother, and two children • What was missing from TV?

• 4) What did Betty Freidan write and why was that book important? • Feminine Mystique (stated that women were unhappy as housewives, launched women’s rights movement) – Why would women feel unhappy with all their wealth and materialistic goods?

• ID- The Golden Arches (885) • Summary 2 - What was Mc. Donald’s the model for creating? • Franchises- restaurants and stores that were identical no matter where they were • How do you feel stores and restaurants were different before franchises?

• Consumer Culture in the Fifties • 4) By 1960 what household item did nearly every American own that they did not have at the beginning of the decade? – Television (7 mil. In 1951, everyone home had one by end of 50’s • 5) Who moved to Los Angeles and San Francisco in 1958? – Brooklyn Dodgers and New York Giants (1 st professional baseball teams outside of Northeast) • Why do you feel the Dodgers and Giants moved to CA?

• 6) What did Elvis Presley and Marilyn Monroe have in common? – Overt sexuality • Elvis Presley- popularized Rock n’ Roll (1 st white singer to sound black, GOOD looking, swung hips while singing – How does Marilyn Monroe make the role of women in the Fifties even more unbearable? • 7) What did books like The Organization Man and The Man in the Grey Flannel suit critic? – Working for large corporations (materialism over quality of life, fitting in to what the company wants over individualism)

• A Black Woman described the day in… (890) • Summary 3 - What right is being denied this women? – Equality (being free to go where you please and treated with dignity) • Desegregating American Society • 8) What was the major problem in regards to blacks voting in the south? (%? ) – Not registered to vote (only 20%, 5% in Miss. here blacks were over 50% of population • How is registering to vote even more important than voting? (What is the difference b/t voting and being registered)

• 9) Identify 1 example of racial progress in the North – Jackie Robinson broke color barrier in baseball • Emmett Till- 14 year old child kidnapped, murdered for whistling at white woman, two brothers accused of killing Emmett and found innocent, sold story to magazine about how they killed Emmett to a magazine (5 th Amend. ) – How does Emmett’s murder spark the Civil Rights movement?

• 10) What new group of African-Americans refused to “suffer in silence” and “generated new militancy”? – NAACP (challenged segregation laws in court • Thurgood Marshall- NAACP top lawyer who was black and represented blacks across the south (became 1 st black supreme court justice)

• 11) What person emerged from the Montgomery Bus Boycott as a new civil rights leader? – Martin Luther King Jr. • 12) Montgomery Bus Boycott- 1 yr. Af/Am. In Montgomery Alabama refused to rife bus • What is so particularly unfair about having blacks ride the back of the bus? (Think economic difference b/t whites and blacks? ) – Rosa Parks- instigator of boycott, refused to move from her seat – Churches- center of the boycott (organized people to support strike • Why are churches so important to the AF/Am community? – Actions (blacks)- carpools, • whites- arrests for illegal boycotts, bombed MLK house

• Summary 4 - Integration at Little Rock (894) What hardship does the Af/Am. Confront and how are they protected – A white population that does not want blacks to go to school w. whites, Army sent in by Pres. Eisenhower • Seeds of the Civil Rights Revolution • 12) What did Brown vs. Board of Education establish? – Desegregation of schools • Stated that segregation in schools was unfair and harmful to black children and thus unconstitutional

• 13) What court case and idea did Brown overturn? – Plessy v. Ferguson (separate but equal) legalized segregation in 1896 • Little Rock 9 - schools in South were desegregating as slow as possible – LR 9 - 1 st nine black students to attend central high school in Little Rock • Public was appalled that blacks and whites were going to school together – Central HS is a public city school much like Leuzinger. Why is it so damaging to keep someone from going to LZ because of 1 peculiarity?

• 14) How did the Governor of Arkansas, Orval Faubus, and President of the United States, Dwight Eisenhower, both react to integrating Central High School in Little Rock, Ark. ? – Gov. Faubus sent National Guard to keep students out of school – Pres. Eisenhower sent Army in to escort and protect the students to and from school • What has changed as far as the Federal Governments response to Civil Rights? • Why do you think President Eisenhower decided to get involved? (What has changed in 50’s to allow northerners to want to help? )

• 15) Who founded the SCLC and what apparatus did it use to organize blacks? – MLK (churches) MLK’s organization for Civil RIghts • 16) What type of protest began in Greensboro, NC? What organization grew out of the sit in? – Sit in (students would sit at a segregated counter and wait to be served, store would close, students come back next day) – Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC)

• Summary 5 Operation Wetback (896) What is happening to the young man and who is helping and hurting the young man? – He is being pulled into Mexico and USA by officials on both sides • 17) Eisenhower Republicanism at Home Define “Dynamic Conservatism” in your own words? – Balanced approach to government where Gov. still helps people in need but tries to save money where it can (Rep. )

• 18) What was Operation Wetback? What program did it nullify? – Round up of guest worker Mexicans and sent back to Mexico – Bracero Program- allowed Mexicans to come to US temporary since WWII • 19) What did the Interstate Highway Act create for the US? – Interstate Highway System- allowed cars to move across the US in days (invention of freeways) • Meant to help Army move troops across the continent • What was the road people took across US before?

• Summary 6 - The Helicopter Era (901) What is the critique of IKE’s second term? – That we was out of touch and would rather play golf • Round Two for Ike • 20) What was Sputnik? – 1 st satellite into space (sent by Soviets)

• 21) Why did Sputnik shock Americans? – How could the Soviets beat us into space? Weren’t we the greatest country on earth? • US felt uneasy and lost confidence • 22) How was the National Education Act a response to Sputnik? – Gov. loans almost $900 mil. for students to go to college and study science and math • This generation invents the internet and American’s dominance in computers today!!!