1933 1939 REMOVAL OF THE JEWS FROM GERMAN

1933 1939

REMOVAL OF THE JEWS FROM GERMAN SOCIETY THE FIRST SOLUTION: ISOLATE - EXCLUDE -ALIENATE THE JEW FROM THE ECONOMY 1933 -37 THE SECOND SOLUTION: EXPEL THE JEWS FROM GERMANY AND GERMAN LANDS 1937 -42 THE FINAL SOLUTION TOTAL ANNIHILATION OF JEWS JANUARY 20 TH 1942

PREPARATORY STAGES FOR THE “FINAL SOLUTION” A. LEGISLATION: PASS LAWS “LEGAL” 1. February 28 1933; EMERGENCY DECREE FOR THE “PROTECTION OF PEOPLE AND STATE” A. police can arrest anyone considered anti-nazi 2. March 23, 1933; THE ENABLING ACT, “LAW FOR RELIEVING OF THE DISTRESS OF PEOPLE” A. Hitler and his cabinet could now make laws on their own. B. Hitler can issue direct orders. C. Hitler can also remove civil right protections

LEGISLATION CONT. . . 3. April 1933; “LAW FOR THE RESTORATION OF A PROFESSIONAL CIVIL SERVICE” A. Non-Aryans are removed from all Government jobs. 1. Judges 2. Lawyers 3. Teachers, police, doctors, firemen, postal workers etc. 4. April 1933; “LAW REGARDING THE ADMISSION TO THE BAR” A. Jews can no longer practice Law 5. April 1933; “LAW AGAINST THE OVERCROWDING OF GERMAN SCHOOLS AND INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER LEARNING. ”

LEGISLATION CONTINUED………. 6. July 14, 1933: NAZI’S DECLARED THE ONLY LEGAL PARTY 7. September 1935: “REICH CITIZENSHIP LAW” and the “LAW FOR THE PROTECTION OF GERMAN BLOOD AND HONOR. ” (NUREMBURG LAWS): A. JEWISH RACE DEFINED- ONE GRANDPARENT YOU ARE A JEW B. JEWS ARE NOW SUBJECTS--NOT CITIZENS C. GOVERNING OF PUBLIC LAWS 1. NO INTER RACIAL MARRIAGES 2. SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH JEWS BANNED 3. JEWS CANNOT EMPLOY GERMAN WOMEN UNDER 45 4. FORBIDDEN TO STAY IN HOTELS. JEWS ARE BEING SYSTEMATICALLY REMOVED FROM SOCIETY!!!

B. CONSEQUENCES OF THE LAWS: 1. CONCENTRATION CAMPS OPENED: A. DACHAU- MARCH 21 1933 1. ENEMIES OF THE STATE (POLITICAL PRISONERS) 2. MODEL CAMP FOR ALL OTHERS 3. CATHOLICS, COMMUNISTS, CRIMINALS UNIONISTS 4. A FEW JEWS 2. REMOVAL OF THE JEWS: A. 1933 5, 000 JEWS LOSE JOBS B. JEWS NO LONGER PRACTICING MEDICINE, BANKING LAW, PHARMACY. C. JEWISH CHILDREN REMOVED FROM PUBLIC SCHOOLS. D. JEWS FORCED TO DO MANUAL LABOR. E. 1938 ALL JEWS FORCED FROM HOMES.

C. EXPULSION, VIOLENCE AND REACTION: 1938 -1945 1. DEPORTATIONS: A. 1938 JEWS BEGIN SEEING THE WRITING ON THE WALL 1. 17, 000 POLISH JEWS KICKED OUT OF GERMANY. 2. JEWS BEGIN LOOKING FOR WAYS OUT. A. THOUSANDS OF JEWS BEGIN TO LEAVE GERMANY AND REICH CONTROLLED LANDS 2. THE KRISTALLNACHT (Night of the Broken Glass): Nov. 9 1939 A. Herschel Grynzpan- story B. ASSASINATION OF VON RATH 11/06/1938 C. NAZI REIGN OF TERROR 1. 197 Synagogues destroyed 2. 7, 000 shops destroyed 3. 35 Jews killed 4. 30, 000 arrested and sent to camps first mass arrest a. families notified

KRISTALLNACHT CONTINUED…. 3. GENERAL REACTION WAS QUICK: A. incident reported by the world news agencies. B. German citizens appalled by the uncontrolled violence. C. German insurance companies had to pay for damages. D. Germans voice outrage publicly. E. American ambassador recalled. NAZI REACTION: A. HITLER UPSET (LACK OF CONTROL) B. GOERING CALLS MEETING NOV. 12 1938 1. HIMMLER, HEYDRICH, GOERING MEET WITH INSURANCE CO. 2. GOEBBELS HELD RESPONSIBLE 3. UNDISCIPLINED AND UNPROFITABLE. 4. CONCERNED ABOUT PUBLIC OPINION 5. JEWS FORCED TO PAY FOR DAMAGES 6. RANDOM VIOLENCE PUT TO END 7. JEWS WILL BE REMOVED LEGALLYAND SYSEMATICALLY 8. ALL FUTURE POGROMS MUST HAVE APPROVAL FROM GOERING.

D. DEVELOPMENT OF THE GHETTOS 1. WORLD WAR II BEGINS: A. POLAND IS INVADED SEPT 1 1939 1. 2. 7 MILLION JEWS FALL UNDER NAZI CONTROL 2. POLES DEFEATED IN 3 WEEKS 3. HITLER AND STALIN PACT DIVIDE POLAND 4. FRANCE AND ENGLAND DECLARE WAR ON GERMANY 2. GHETTOS: REINHARD HEYDRICH ORDERS THAT JEWS BE GATHERED AND FORCED INTO MAJOR POLISH CITIES WARSAW, LODZ, KRACOW. 1. EACH CITY MUST HAVE A RAILWAY JUNCTION 2. JEWS GIVEN LESS THAN AN HOUR TO PACK 3. COULD BRING ONE SUITCASE 4. JEWISH COUNCIL OF ELDERS RUN GHETTOS (JUDENRAT)

GHETTO LIFE: 1940 -44 POLAND 1. JUDENRAT WOULD ADMINISTER TO ALL NEEDS OF GHETTO A. NEEDS: 1. SICK 2. ELDERLY 3. ORPHANS 4. FOOD 5. POLICE 2. COUNCILS WERE TO FOLLOW ALL S. S. ORDERS. 3. COUNCILS HAD TO KEEP ACCURATE CENSUS COUNTS. 4. BY 1942 -THE JUDENRAT WOULD CHOOSE WHO WOULD BE SENT TO THE DEATH CAMPS. 1. JEWS WOULD BE TOLD THEY WERE BEING RESETTLED IN THE EAST. 2. LIVING SPACE SEVERAL FAMILIES WOULD BE IN ONE ROOM. 3. LACK OF SANITATION AND RUNNING WATER. 4. TYPHUS--DYSENTARY 5. MALNUTRITION AND STARVATION 6. BURIAL OUTSIDE GHETTO COST EXTRA 7. LABOR GANGS

GHETTO LIFE CONTINUED: 4. ESCAPE: A. ESCAPE WAS AN OPTION RARELY TAKEN 1. SANCTITY OF THE FAMILY: 2. COLLECTIVE RESPONSIBILTY: SUMMARY: FIRST STAGE-LEGISLATION 1933 -38 SECOND STAGE- EXPULSION -DEPORTATION 1933 -39 ONLY 175, 000 GERMAN JEWS LEFT IN GERMANY. THIRD STAGE- CONFINEMENT OF JEWS 1939 --1942 GHETTOS --CONCENTRATION CAMPS LABOR CAMPS

EUROPEAN JEWS 1939