1865 1900 THE SECOND AMERICAN INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION MATERIALS

1865 -1900 THE SECOND AMERICAN INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

MATERIALS Steel-made by purifying iron ore. � Bessemer Processblast air into molten iron to burn off impurities (makes steel) � � Expensive to purify until the Bessemer Process

MATERIALS � Andrew Carnegie brought the Bessemer Process to America � Created U. S. Steel � Lowered the cost of steel from $100/ton to $12/ton in 1873 � U. S. A. was built on steel (skyscrapers, railroads, bridges, etc)

RAILROAD � AIRPLANES Transcontinental Railroad � � 6 years to lay track from San Francisco to Omaha Union Pacific started in Omaha and headed west Central Pacific started in SF and headed east Met near Ogden, Utah � Drove a golden spike to unite the tracks TRANSPORTATION � Wright Brothers � � 1903 - 1 st powered, sustained and controlled airplane flight Kitty Hawk, NC

TRANSPORTATION � Automobiles Only affordable for rich in early 1900 s � Henry Ford made affordable for working class � Assembly line decreased cost. � Ford perfected the assembly line; he didn’t come up with the idea �

OIL � ELECTRICITY John D. Rockefeller � � � Standard Oil Refined oil in Cleveland, OH Increase demand for oil in U. S. � � Cars Kerosene for lamps ENERGY AND POWER � Thomas Edison � Invented the light bulb Bamboo filament � His invention changed the way we live. � How would your daily life be different if you didn’t have electric lights? �

COMMUNICATION Telephone � Invented by Alexander Graham Bell � Obtained a patent in 1876 � 1 st thing said on the phone, “Mr. Watson, come here”. �