1852 Uncle Toms Cabin Is published Harriet Beecher

1852 Uncle Tom’s Cabin Is published Harriet Beecher Stowe wrote Uncle Tom’s Cabin to show the evils of slavery and the injustice of the Fugitive Slave Law

Tom is bought by a plantation owner Uncle Tom named Simon Legree who treats his Uncle Tom’s Cabin sold well another in the slaves brutally. Simon Legree orders Tomvery to whip North. first 5, 000 copies. Legree sold inwhips only slave. The When Tom refuses, two days. Tom In thetofirst year it was death. published it sold 300, 000 copies. Uncle Tom's Cabin was the best-selling novel of the Uncle. Tom’s Cabin tells the story of Uncle is sold because his owner, 19 th century and the second best-selling Uncle Tom, iswho is amuch kind debt slaveand known who is kind, in too can book of that century, following the Bible. for his to Christian religion. nodevotion longer afford keep him.

THE NATIONWIDE REACTION THE NORTH THE SOUTH • People realized that • They objected to they could no longer the book ignore the issue of slavery • Claimed that it Stowe had did not give an seen little of slavery accurate • Many now saw firsthand description of slavery as a moral slave life issue

Missouri Compromise • Missouri wanted to enter the Union as a slave state in 1819 • This would have disrupted the balance of power in the Senate between free and slave states • As a compromise Maine was added as a free state and Missouri as a slave state.

The Compromise of 1850 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. California was admitted to the Union as a free state. Slavery in the territories would have no limits on slavery, only that it would be decided by popular sovereignty. Utah and New Mexico territories were created. The slave trade, but not slavery itself would be banned in Washington D. C. A new Fugitive Slave law was passed, which required all citizens to help catch runaway slaves.

Nebraska Remember the Compromise of 1850? Kansas In. Slavery 1854 Douglas Senator in the Most Americans Stephen Douglas proposed two territories that the had hoped that this proposed that a Nebraska would be would end the government be Territory decided by be slavery debate in created for the divided popular into two the West. . . Nebraska territories: sovereignty Kansas – Territory and the Nebraska settlers. would. . but vote. in 1854 the issue of slavery in the territories came back

Kansas became a testing ground for popular sovereignty Pro. Slavery Anti. Slavery KANSAS On election dayhoped. . . toascreate Kansas Each became side known “Bleeding a Kansas”. . government. pro-slavery andsupported anti-slavery supporters as both pro andthat anti-slavery forces their views. attacked rushed in. each other.

The Supreme Court ruled Dred Scott lived for • Southern Whites Dred Scott that Dred Scott and couldhis not many years in rejoiced at the Dred even file a lawsuit because owner returned to Scott decision. Missouri. He then as. In a slave, hethe was not even 1857 United Missouri whereyou his What would a citizen – instead, he was moved with his States Supreme Court owner died. A decide if you were on property. The court also • owner African Americans to Illinois, and ruled on a case said that Congress could lawyer argued thatnot the Supreme Court? were angry. then to the Wisconsin involving a slave make slavery illegal inbe a Dred Scott should territory –Dred this where made the Territory, named Scott. a • Northern free man. Compromise because he Whites were Missouri slavery was not shocked at the ruling. hadunconstitutional. lived in a free allowed. territory. Dred Scott

Americans who opposed slavery needed a new political voice Northern Democrats Free Soilers The Republican Party The main goal of the Republican Party was to Antislavery keep slavery out of the Western Territories Whigs

The first test for the Republican Party The Presidential Election of 1856 Republicans John C. Fremont Democrats James Buchanan

The second test for the Republican Party The Illinois Senate Election of 1858 Democrats Stephen Douglas Republicans Abraham Lincoln

Lincoln believed thatthe Douglas wanted to settle During the election, slavery was aby“moral, issue of slavery popular Lincoln challenged sovereignty. He didn’t like social, and political Douglas to a series of slavery, he was felt that the wrong. ”but He totally debates. people intothe opposed theterritories spread of should be able to vote for it slavery into the The two debated seven or against it and decide for territories, but he didn’t times and slavery was themselves. feel important that he could stop it issue. where it already existed.

“A house divided against itself cannot stand. I believe this government cannot endure permanently half slave and half do not In the end, Stephen Douglas wonfree. by a. Inarrow expect the Union to be face dissolved – I doagain not margin, but they would each other Lincoln believed that the nation could not the house tocampaigned fall – but I do expecteach it inexpect two years as they against survive if it remained divided by slavery. will ceaseother to befor divided. It will become all the presidency. one thing or all the other. ” -June 16, 1858

John Brown planned to attack the arsenal. He They thought that slaves US John troops Brown led by and Robert his group E Lee of arrived. followers quickly killed gained 10 of This is Harpers Ferry, Virginia Some people in the North, however, viewed would comeof to him at the arsenal – he planned to. Brown give them guns and control the raiders arsenal and butcaptured no slaves John ever came in revolt them in revolt John Brown. There as lead a was martyr for the anti-slavery a Federal arsenal, or gun warehouse, located here cause and mourned his death by hanging. Many in the South were outraged that some Northerners would celebrate what John Brown did. became convinced that the North Most. They people in America thought John try to destroy. There slavery. Brown’swould plan was insane. were never that many slaves in Harpers Ferry.