16 2 Ideas that Shaped Darwins Thinking Ideas

16. 2 Ideas that Shaped Darwin’s Thinking

Ideas that Shaped Darwin’s Thinking A. James Hutton – 1795 Theory of Geological change: forces change Earth’s surface shape& the changes are slow, so the Earth is much older than thousands of year B. Charles Lyell – Principles of Geography: geographical features can be built up or torn down. Processes such as volcanoes and earthquakes shaped the earth and still occur today. C. Darwin thought if earth changed over time, what about life? D. Lamarck’s Theory of Evolution: tendency toward perfection (giraffe necks) & “Inheritance of Acquired Traits” – organisms acquire traits by using their bodies in new ways - these new characteristics were passed to offspring E. Thomas Malthus-19 th century English economist: If population grew unchecked (more Babies born than die), there will be insufficient living space& food/resources will run out. Darwin applied this theory to animals: wondered why oceans were not overpopulated – what kept nature’s populations in check?

Ideas that shaped Darwin’s Thinking n James Hutton: n 1795 Theory of Geological change u Forces change earth’s surface shape u Changes are slow u Earth much older than thousands of years http: //www. southgateschools. com/web/userfiles/garrityd/15. ppt

Ideas that Shaped Darwin’s Thinking n Charles Lyell n Book: Principles of Geography Geographical features can be built up or torn down Darwin thought if earth changed over time, what about life? n n http: //www. southgateschools. com/web/userfiles/garrityd/15. ppt

Geologists: Hutton and Lyell § Fundamentalists said that the earth was around 6000 years old § Hutton and Lyell argued that the earth is many millions of years old b/c § layers of rock take time to form § processes such as volcanoes and earthquakes shaped the earth and still occur today http: //www. dellpassovoy. com/Ch 15, 16, 17%20 evolution 2 ppt. ppt

Lamarck’s Theory of Evolution n Tendency toward Perfection(Giraffe necks) n Use and Disuse (bird’s using forearms) n Inheritance of Acquired Traits http: //www. southgateschools. com/web/userfiles/garrityd/15. ppt

http: //www. southgateschools. com/web/userfiles/garrityd/15. ppt

http: //www. southgateschools. com/web/userfiles/garrityd/15. ppt

Lamarck Theory of acquired characteristics § Lamarck said organisms acquired traits by using their bodies in new ways § These new characteristics were passed to offspring § Lamarck was wrong! http: //www. dellpassovoy. com/Ch 15, 16, 17%20 evolution 2 ppt. ppt

Population Growth n n Thomas Malthus 19 th century English economist If population grew (more Babies born than die) u Insufficient living space u Food runs out u Darwin applied this theory to animals http: //www. southgateschools. com/web/userfiles/garrityd/15. ppt

Malthus § Reasoned that if the human population continued to grow unchecked, sooner or later there would be insufficient living space and food for everyone http: //www. dellpassovoy. com/Ch 15, 16, 17%20 evolution 2 ppt. ppt

Publication of Orgin of Species n Russel Wallace wrote an essay summarizing evolutionary change from his field work in Malaysia n Gave Darwin the drive to publish his findings http: //www. southgateschools. com/web/userfiles/garrityd/15. ppt

http: //www. dellpassovoy. com/Ch 15, 16, 17%20 evolution 2 ppt. ppt