14 35 TOPIC13 INTODUCTION of Probes Accessories Required

14: 35 TOPIC-13 INTODUCTION of Probes & Accessories

Required Accessories 14: 35 1. Digital USFD Machine 2. 0˚ Normal Probe) Single/Double Crystal) 3. 70˚ Angle Probe (Singele Crystal/Double Angle) 4. 45˚ Angle Probe (Single Crystal) 5. 6. Cables for connecting Probes IIW Block 7. Calibration Block 8. 9. Standard Test Piece with artificial flaws Soft Grease/Thick Oil for Couplant

PROBE For Weld Testing For Rail Testing 00 Double Crystal Probe 4 mhz 700 Double Angle Probe 2 mhz 14: 35 0 00 0 70 45 450 Single Double Side S/C Horizontal/ Crystal Vertical/ Rig Testing Tandem Looking Hori. Longitudinal 0 Probe Transverse 45 S/C Probe Rig Defects 2 mhz Defect Probe 2 mhz (1 no) 2 mhz (1 Set) Star (Bolt Hole) Crack (1 Set) Horizontal Half Moon Vertical Defects Vertical/Transverse Defect Half Moon Vertical Longitudinal Defect Transverse Defect below Wheel Defects Burn/Scabbed Rail (By Side Probing) 700

PROBE 14: 35 Transducers (Crystal) which § It has is a Piezoelectric metallic housing containing the crystal, converts electrical signals into mechanical damping material, electrical leads & a Perspex face. vibrations (transmit mode) and mechanical vibrations into electrical signals (receive mode).

Classification of Probes 14: 35 Probes can be classified on the basis of – § Number of crystals : 1. Single crystal probes 2. Double crystal probes § Angle of wave transmission : 1. Normal Probe 2. Angle Probe § Frequency : 1. 2 Mhz 2. 4 Mhz

Classification of Probes 14: 35 § Normal probe (0˚ Probe) – Use Longitudinal waves 2 MHz – Single Crystal – For Characteristics checking of machine 2 MHz – Double Crystal – For Weld Testing 4 MHz – Double Crystal – For Rail Testing § Angle Probes (70˚ & 45˚) – Use Transverse waves 2 MHz – Single Crystal – For Weld Testing 2 MHz – Double Angle – For Rail Testing

0˚ Single Crystal Probe 14: 35 Power Supply Lead § Frequency 2 to 2. 5 Mhz Damping Material Acoustic Insulating Body Piezoelectric Crystal Matching Layer of Perpex § Used for Only Assessment or Characteristic Checking of Machine § As the Dead Zone of this Probe is more i. e. 5 to 7 mm.

0˚ Double Crystal Probe 14: 35 Power Supply Lead § Frequency 2 Mhz (For Weld Testing) § Frequency 4 Mhz (For Rail Testing) Damping Material Acoustic Insulating § Used During Weld Testing to detect the Horizontal defects in Head and Web Body upto Neutral Axis only. Transmitter Piezoelectric Crystal § And Acoustic Barrier § Used During Rail Testing to detect Matching Layer of Perspex the Horizontal Defects in Head , Web and Foot also. Receiver Piezoelectric Crystal

0˚ Double Crystal Probe (2 Mhz) 14: 35 § Used for Weld Testing. § Probing is done Manually by Hand. § Used to detect the Horizontal defect in Head and Web (Up to Neutral Axis only). To view the working of 0° Probe through the Animation Click on the Button

0˚ Double Crystal Probe (4 mhz) 14: 35 • Used for Rail Testing. • The Probe is fixed in Testing Trolley using Probe Holding Assembly and runs along with the trolley. 0˚Probe Holder • This probe is used to detect the Horizontal defect in Head, Web and Foot and Star Cracks (Bolt hole Cracks) also.

Angle Probe (Single Crystal) Norm a Prob l e Angle Probe Longitudinal Wave Cryst al Ø Ob ject Perspex Wedge angle Shear Wave Probe angle 14: 35

70˚ Angle Probe (s/c) 14: 35 § Used for Weld Testing. § Probing is done Manually by Hand. § This Probe is used to detect the Transverse defect in Head and Foot of Weld. To view the working of 0° Probe through the Animation Click on the Button RAJENDRA KHURSINGE, Sr. Instructor Track, IRICEN.

45˚ Angle Probe (s/c) 14: 35 § Used for Weld Testing. § Probing is done Manually by Hand. § Used to detect the Half moon defect in Foot. § A set of 2 probes is used in Tandem Rig to detect the Vertical Defects in Head web junction, complete web and Web foot Juction. § A set of 2 Probes is used in Rig Testing for wheel burn & scabbed rail to detect Transverse and vertical defect in Rail Head

Side Looking Probe 14: 35 A set of Two 70° Side Looking Probe is used instead of 45° Probe to detect the Half Moon Defect. In case unable to use the 45° Probe due to presence of Bolt Hole or any other reason. Sensitivity Setting is done on the same saw cut of size 10 × 5 × 2 mm of the Standard Test Piece which is used for 45° Probe.

70˚ Probe (S/C) 14: 35 70° 90°

70˚ Side Looking Probe 14: 35 70° 90° 20° 90°

Working of 70˚ Side Looking Probe Transmitter Probe Receiver Probe 85 mm 20 mm In Case. Defect No Any in. Weld. If Any in Defect side the 14: 35

Tandem Rig 14: 35 § It is a Device having a provision to run Two Probes in opposite direction and simultaneously at exactly equal distance. § Used for Detection of Vertical Defect in Web-Foot Junction, Complete web and Head-Web Junction. To view the Sensitivity Setting of TANDEM RIG through the Animation Click on the Button To view the working of TANDEM RIG through the Animation Click on the Button

Test Rig 14: 35 (134 mm for 52 kg Rail) (145 mm for 60 kg Rail) § It is a Device having a provision to run Two Probes at a fix distance simultaneously.

Test Rig 14: 35 Locally made Test Rig Top View (134 mm for 52 kg Rail) (145 mm for 60 kg Rail) Side View § Used for detection of Transverse and Vertical longitudinal defects in Rail Head at the location of wheel burn, scabbed rail etc.

70˚ Angle Probe (Double Angle) 14: 35 Double Angle Probe Longitudinal Wave Object Shear Wave Probe angle RAJENDRA KHURSINGE, Sr. Instructor Track, IRICEN. Probe angle

70˚ Angle Probe (Double Angle) § Used for Rail Testing. § Probe is fixed in Testing Trolley using Probe Holding Assembly and it runs along with the trolley. § This Probe is used to detect the Transverse defect in Rail/Weld Head. Probe Holder 14: 35

Couplant 14: 35 For Weld Testing and other Special For RAIL Testing which require Hand Probing § Soft Grease of RDSO Specification No. Water WD-17 -MISC. -92 or WD-24 Misc. -2004 (WD stands for Water Displacement) or Any thick oil of high viscosity grade (having viscosity grade of 150 c. St or more) § A centistokes (c. St) is a decimal fraction of the CGS unit of kinematic viscosity stokes, (which is equal to cm²/s)

Introduction of Calibration Block 14: 35 60 mm 50 mm 100 mm 60 mm 50 mm

Introduction of Calibration Block 14: 35 § This calibration block can be used for calibration and characterization of Normal Probe only. • These are available in two sizes – (50 mm x 60 mm) & (50 mm x 60 mm x 100 mm) § These blocks are made of Carbon steel or Stainless steel.

Introduction of IIW Block 14: 35 § IIW – International Institution of Welding V-1 Block 25 m m 300 mm V-2 Block 10 0 25 mm m 50 m 100 mm 85 mm m m 91 mm 50 mm Ø and 23 mm thick Perspex 1. 5 mm Ø, hole 6 mm deep & 2 mm thick- Cut 15 mm 200 mm

Detailed Dimensions 14: 36 V 1 CALIBRATION BLOCK FRONT VIEW SIDE VIEW TOP VIEW REAR VIEW

Detailed Dimensions 14: 36

Introduction of IIW Block 14: 36 § This block can be used for all kinds of calibration and characterization. § Not only for normal probes and for angle probes also. § It is made from carbon or stainless steel with longitudinal wave velocity 5920 m/s and transverse wave velocity 3230 m/s. § It has a quadrant with 100 mm & 25 mm radius for characterization of angle-beam.

Introduction of IIW Block 14: 36 § The designations V 1 and V 2 have not of English but of German origin. (i. e. Vergleichskörper = Reference block). § The new abbreviations K 1 (for V 1 block) and K 2 (for V 2 block) were introduced. § some European languages do not use the letter C if it is pronounced like a K, therefore K 1 and K 2 represented for Kalibration (Calibration). § Perspex of 23 mm thickness is used in V 1 block is equals to 50 mm of steel, as Longitudinal wave velocity in perspex is 2730 m/s, so 23 mm x (5920/2730) = 49. 87 = 50 mm.

Introduction of IIW Block 14: 36 § IIW – International Institution of Welding V-2 Block 75 mm m m 43 m m 5 7 m m 5 20 mm 2 12. 5 mm 25 mm 50 mm 20 mm 1. 5 mm Ø, hole 25 m m 5 mm Ø, hole 50 m m 43 mm

Detailed Dimensions 14: 36 V-2 Block

Introduction of IIW Block 14: 36 § This calibration block can be used for on site checking of angle probe index, beam angle, calibration and sensitivity. § These are available in 12. 5 mm, and 25 mm thickness and with 1. 5 mm Ø and 5 mm Ø through hole respectively. § It has engraved reference mark scale from 35˚ to 75˚. § These blocks are made of Carbon steel or Stainless steel.