13 November 2013 Kitty FritzNielen Introducing European XFEL

13. November 2013 Kitty Fritz-Nielen Introducing European XFEL Enlightening Science

2 The European XFEL A new lightsource of superlatives to explore the nanoworld with ultrashort X-ray flashes of unique properties and brilliance n to investigate nanometer-scale structures, fast processes, and extreme states n to take 3 D images of viruses or proteins and film chemical reactions n for applications in biology, chemistry, materials science, medicine, nanotechnology, … K. Fritz-Nielen, European XFEL, Cern, Geneva, 13. November 2013 2

3 The European XFEL About the project: X-ray free electron laser (XFEL) • Established as a non-profit organization in 2009 • Length: 3. 4 km (5. 8 km underground tunnels) with 1. 7 km superconducting linear accelerator • 3 sites (within the Hamburg metropolitan area) • 5 beamlines, 10 instruments (starting with 3 beamlines and 6 instruments) • Construction costs (incl. commissioning): 1150 M€ (2005 level); 12 participating countries (Germany 58 % and Russia 23 %) • First beam planned in late 2015 K. Fritz-Nielen, European XFEL, Cern, Geneva, 13. November 2013 3

4 12 countries contribute to the European XFEL Each country contributes either: § in cash § in-kind (equipment, manpower) § or both DESY leading contributor: § Preparation tasks § Host lab § Accelerator Consortium Coordinator for manufacturing, integration & commissioning The European XFEL Company is ultimately responsible for the: § Design, Construction, Commissioning & Operation of the XFEL facility Visit at K. Fritz-Nielen, European XFEL, Serge. Geneva, Prat – IKC for European XFEL Cern, 13. Coordinator November 2013 4

5 Present (bold) and likely shareholders Visit at K. Fritz-Nielen, European XFEL, Serge. Geneva, Prat – IKC for European XFEL Cern, 13. Coordinator November 2013 5

6 European XFEL Staff 6 Germany Russian Federation Italy 1. 7% 0. 9% China 120 2. 6% Poland 100 3. 5% Spain 80 France 60 Scientists United States 40 Engineers Iran 20 Technicians 0 Admin Staff Algeria Australia 3. 5% Bolivia 58. 3% 6. 1% May 09 Sep 09 Jan 10 May 10 Sep 10 Jan 11 May 11 Sep 11 2. 6% Jan 09 0. 9% 0. 9% Cameroon Denmark India 8. 7% Indonesia Portugal Turkey Ukraine United Kingdom Visit at K. Fritz-Nielen, European XFEL, Serge. Geneva, Prat – IKC for European XFEL Cern, 13. Coordinator November 2013 Forecast of staff growth: End 2012: 180 End 2013: 210 End 2014: 240

Organization 7 Council Chair: Robert Feidenhans’l (University of Copenhagen, Denmark) The European XFEL Council is the supreme organ of the company in which up to two delegates represent the shareholders of each contracting party. Accelerator Consortium Chair: Hans Weise, DESY IKC: RF System, LLRF, AMTF, and more University Uppsala IKC: Laser heater, personnel, injector K. Fritz-Nielen, European XFEL, Cern, Geneva, 13. November 2013 European X-Ray Free-Electron Laser Facility Gmb. H Management Board: Massimo Altarelli Claudia Burger Sergei Molodtsov Andreas Schwarz Thomas Tschentscher Design, construction, commissioning and operation of X-ray systems 14 technical/scientific groups 4 administrative groups Technical services

What can the European XFEL do? X-ray light Ultrashort flashes See samples at atomic resolution Film (bio-)chemical reactions Intense X-ray pulses Study single molecules or tiny crystals K. Fritz-Nielen, European XFEL, Cern, Geneva, 13. November 2013 8

…At very short times… 9 Bundesarchiv, Bild 183 -1987 -0822 -034 / CC-BY-SA 1/1. 000 s K. Fritz-Nielen, European XFEL, Cern, Geneva, 13. November 2013 1/1. 000 s 1/10. 000 s = 100 femtoseconds

Making molecular movies Imaging at low time resolution (>>100 fs) 10 Imaging at European XFEL’s time resolution (<100 fs) • Higher time resolution allows for clearer “movies” that show molecular motion, not just the location of the atoms • New way of seeing chemical reactions and molecular reconfigurations K. Fritz-Nielen, European XFEL, Cern, Geneva, 13. November 2013

Research opportunities Biology, medicine, and pharmacology • Direct observation of the action of enzymes • Implications for engineering of medications Chemistry • Filming chemical reactions • Physics of molecular bonding Materials science • Better understanding crystal structure • Engineering stronger structures 11 Physics • Quantum behavior of electrons • Better understanding magnetism and superconductivity Astrophysics and the science of extreme states • Mimicking the conditions inside stars Photonics • Better understanding the properties of light ……And many other, yet unknown possibilities K. Fritz-Nielen, European XFEL, Cern, Geneva, 13. November 2013

A closer look at the facility Scientific instruments & ancillary instrumentation 12 X-ray optics & beam transport Electron injector Schenefeld Undulator systems Superconducting electron accelerator • 800 cavities • Cooled by -271°C liquid helium K. Fritz-Nielen, European XFEL, Cern, Geneva, 13. November 2013 Hamburg Bahrenfeld

Experiment hall 13 SASE 2 HE SASE 1 D SASE 3 D MI FX E Space for Future Instruments S SQ B SP S SC K. Fritz-Nielen, European XFEL, Cern, Geneva, 13. November 2013

14 Experimental Hall, 22 February 2012 K. Fritz-Nielen, European XFEL, Cern, Geneva, 13. November 2013 14

Completed underground construction of Experiment hall 15 6 June 2013 K. Fritz-Nielen, European XFEL, Cern, Geneva, 13. November 2013

Installations in tunnel for linear accelerator 16 10 April 2013 K. Fritz-Nielen, European XFEL, Cern, Geneva, 13. November 2013

17 Linac Tunnel with completed floor K. Fritz-Nielen, European XFEL, Cern, Geneva, 13. November 2013 17

Construction site DESY-Bahrenfeld 18 AMTF hall Cryogenic hall Modulator hall Entrance hall Electron injector Entrance hall Linear accelerator K. Fritz-Nielen, European XFEL, Cern, Geneva, 13. November 2013 25 July 2012

Construction site Schenefeld 19 1 October 2012 K. Fritz-Nielen, European XFEL, Cern, Geneva, 13. November 2013

20 Schenefeld Campus 2015 d K. Fritz-Nielen, European XFEL, Cern, Geneva, 13. November 2013 20

21 Thank you very much! K. Fritz-Nielen, European XFEL, Cern, Geneva, 13. November 2013