13 Colonies Objective To learn the history of

13 Colonies

Objective �To learn the history of the 13 Colonies.

Massachusetts - New England Colonies � 1620 - Plymouth settled by Pilgrims seeking religious freedom �Mayflower Compact signed before people left ship; people agreed to follow laws made by group �Puritans not only governed church, but state too � People required by law to attend church �Later, Pilgrims elected a representative assembly to make laws. �Shipping and trade were foundation of economy.

Rhode Island – N. E. Colonies �Roger Williams: 1636, banished from Massachusetts because disagreed with Puritan Ministers, founded state. �Allowed religious freedom for all people. �Shipbuilders, traders, fishermen, dairy farmers important to economy. �It had a representative assembly.

New Hampshire – N. E. Colonies � 1639, settled by Puritans ministers, who were unhappy with Massachusetts ministers. �Allowed much more freedom of religion than Massachusetts. �Fishing and timber were cash crops. �Had royal governor, but local control on local issues. �Capital: Concord.

Connecticut – N. E. Colonies � 1639, settles by people dissatisfied with Puritan ministers in Massachusetts. �More religious freedom than Massachusetts. �Economy based on shipbuilding, fishing, and whaling. �First written constitution, forming government based on consent of the people.

New York – Middle Colonies � 1600 s, settled by Dutch; called New Netherlands. � 1664, Duke of York took from Dutch. �New Amsterdam, one of Dutch settlements, later became New York City. �Eventually had colonial assembly, made laws for colony. �Farming basis of economy; corn, wheat, vegetables and tobacco. �Colony had religious freedom.

Pennsylvania – Middle Colonies � 1681, William Penn settled with Society of Friends (Quakers. ) �Allowed religious freedom to all. � 1682, Philadelphia became city. �Had representative assembly; allowed people to have say in government. �Farming and trade basis of economy; wheat, corn, vegetables; raised dairy cattle; tradesmen (cobblers, silversmiths, and blacksmiths. )

New Jersey – Middle Colonies � 1664, Duke of York gave to Sir George Carteret, governor of Isle of Jersey. �Everyone was allowed religious freedom �Farming wheat, corn and vegetables important to economy. �Had a representative assembly. �Capital: Trenton

Delaware – Middle Colonies � 1631, settled by Swedish people, called New Sweden �Taken over by English �Offered freedom of religion �Had local self-government �Farming important part of economy. �First state to ratify (approve) Constitution; became state in 1787 �Capital: Dover

Virginia – Southern Colonies � 1607, settled by Great Britain; colonists looked for gold/other economic resources. � 1619, started import Africans to work on tobacco plantations. �Church of England was official religion; required to attend church. �Warm humid climate good for growing tobacco. �Idea of self-government started with council; made laws for settlement. �Colonists formed a colony at Jamestown where Captain John Smith met Pocahontas. �State recommended Bill of Rights be added to the Constitution.

Maryland – Southern Colonies � 1632, charter granted to Lord Baltimore as refuge for Catholics; Allowed religious freedom to everyone. �Farming basis of economy; raising corn, wheat, vegetables, fruit trees, and tobacco. �Colonists generally allowed to govern themselves.

North Carolina/South Carolina – Southern Colonies � 1690, large tracts of land given to eight Lords, friends of King Charles II. �Established as an investment. �Offered religious freedom to all. �Warm humid climate good for growing tobacco, cotton, rice and indigo. �Real governing power retained by England until later, when they given some local control over government.

Georgia – Southern Colonies � 1732, established by James Oglethorpe, wanted to create colony for debtors and poor, make a fresh start. �Religious freedom for all. �Had assembly to help make laws. �Warm humid climate good for growing tobacco, cotton, rice and indigo. �English hoped would be a buffer against Spanish and French intrusion from South. �Capital: Atlanta