12015 MIDYEAR REFLECTION THE GILDED AGE 1877 1900

1/20/15 MID-YEAR REFLECTION

THE GILDED AGE 1877 - 1900 Describe the growth of urbanization during the Gilded Age.

MARK TWAIN AND CHARLES WARNER’S “THE GILDED AGE” “There are many young men like him [Philip Sterling] in American society, of his age, opportunities, education and abilities, who have really been educated for nothing and have let themselves adrift, in the hope that they will find somehow, and by some sudden turn of good luck, the golden road to fortune… He saw people, all around him, poor yesterday, rich to-day, who had come into sudden opulence by some means which they could not have classified among any of the regular occupations of life”

Gilded Underneath the glittering exterior of the age hid corruption in politics and the growing gap between the rich and poor.

URBANIZATION The growth of cities

Ne York:

1865 -1900 The nation was transformed from rural and agricultural to urban and industrial

Manufacturing developed at a rapid pace and on a dramatic scale. The number of miles of railroad tracks increased more than 600 percent, percent giving the US a nationwide transportation network.

Cities multiplied as thousands of people moved from rural areas and many more thousands poured in from around the world, especially Europe. "The Statue of Liberty Enlightening the World" was a gift of friendship from the people of France to the U. S. It was dedicated on October 28, 1886.

CITY STRUCTURES CREATED DURING THIS PERIOD DISPLAYED THE FOLLOWING CHARACTERISTICS: A strong spirit of nationalism An interest in idealistic subjects An appreciation for the artistic works of classical antiquity Nationalistic Tendencies

MONUMENTS TO AMERICAN WAR HEROES AND POLITICAL FIGURES DOTTED CITY STREETS.

GRAND PUBLIC BUILDINGS APPEARED, MANY WITH MURAL PAINTINGS DEPICTING AMERICAN PROGRESS.

SKYSCRAPER w Solved the problem of space w Identified the modern city: high density and hustle-and-bustle nature HOME INSURANCE BUILDING, 1926 CHICAGO, BUILT IN 1885 BY WILLIAM LEBARON JENNEY PHOTO CIRCA 1926 PROVIDED BY CHICAGO HISTORY MUSEUM, GETTY IMAGES

Expanded commercial opportunities and established residential centers (lower costs and greater profits) AMES BUILDING, BOSTON

"AMERICAN RENAISSANCE" (“CITY BEAUTIFUL”) movement in American art and architecture that emerged between the 1870 s and the early 1900 s. BROOKLYN BRIDGE, NEW YORK 1883

Mulberry Street Bend, 1889

5 -Cent Lodgings

Men’s Lodgings

Women’s Lodgings

Immigrant Family Lodgings

Dumbbell Tenement Plan Tenement House Act of 1879, NYC

Blind Beggar, 1888

Italian Rag-Picker

1890 s ”Morgue” – Basement Saloon

”Black & Tan” Saloon

”Bandits’ Roost”

Mullen’s Alley ”Gang”

The Street Was Their Playground

Lower East Side Immigrant Family

A Struggling Immigrant Family

Another Struggling Immigrant Family

THE MEN WHO BUILT AMERICA

CAPTAINS OF INDUSTRY Person Andrew Carnegie Henry Ford J. P. Morgan John D. Rockefeller Cornelius Vanderbilt Business Document Analysis: Treatment of employees Document Analysis: Attitude toward government oversight Document analysis: Public sentiment

CARNEGIE William Allen Rogers “A Trustworthy Beast” October 20, 1888.

FORD Detroit, Mich. , Jan. 5. 1914 -- Henry Ford, head of the Ford Motor Company, announced today one of the most remarkable business moves of his entire remarkable career. In brief it is: To give $10, 000 To 26, 000 Employees: payments to be made semi-monthly and added to the pay checks. Ford to Run Automobile Plant 24 Hours Daily in Profit-Sharing Plan MINIMUM WAGE $5 A DAY No Employee to be Discharged Except for Unfaithfulness or Hopeless Inefficiency

MORGAN “The Helping Hand” Puck Magazine via Library of Congress. 1911

ROCKEFELLER

VANDERBILT Joseph Keppler — "The Modern Colossus of (Rail) Roads. " Puck (magazine), Vol. VI, No. 44, pp. 650 -651.