12 November 2013 Questions Trivia What can an

12 November 2013 Questions • Trivia: What can an infant do up until the age of 7 months, that an adult can't do? • Health: Why do people continue to smoke even though they are aware of the dangers of smoking?

Lesson 38 Choosing a Tobacco-Free Lifestyle

Objectives • Student will be able to: – (1) Discuss the harmful physical & mental effects of nicotine. – (2) Understand the negative effects smoking has on a fetus. – (3) Explain the harmful effects of secondhand smoke. – (4) Discuss laws regarding the sale & use of tobacco. – (5) Discuss how tobacco companies try to convince minors to use tobacco products. – (6) Outline steps to stop using tobacco products. – (7) Outline eight ways to resist pressure to use tobacco products

How Much Does the Average Smoker Spend on Cigarettes/year? • Average Smoker: – Cigarettes Smoked Daily? – Cigarettes Smoked Weekly? – Average cost per pack of Cigarettes? – Cost per day? Week? Month? Year? – Study 1 – Study 2 • Average Smoker – 1 1/2 Packs per Day (30 cigarettes) – 10 1/2 Packs per Week (210 Cigarettes) – $6. 94/pack (Average in IL, 2013) – – Day: $10. 41 Week: $72. 87 Month: $316. 64 Year: $3800

Tax Money Available to States on Cigarettes • How many packs of cigarettes are sold annually in the US? – 30 Billion • What is the average tax on cigarettes? – $1. 76 • How much money was available to states from tobacco taxes? – $52. 8 Billion

Highest Rates of Cigarette Taxes (USA) • State: New York – $4. 35 taxes per pack ($10. 08/pack in New York) • City: Chicago – $4 -5 taxes per pack ($11. 59/pack in Chicago)

Nicotine • A stimulant drug found in tobacco products -including cigarettes, clove cigarettes, chewing tobacco, pipe tobacco, & snuff. • Stimulates the nervous system & is highly addictive. • Dulls the taste buds, constricts the blood vessels & increases the heart rate & blood pressure.

What to Know About Nicotine • Nicotine Dependence – Many health experts say it is as addicting as heroin, cocaine, & alcohol. – Tolerance • Nicotine Withdrawal Syndrome – The body's reaction to quitting the use of tobacco products. – Cravings intensify, anxious, irritable, restless, headache, difficulty concentrating, become frustrated, angry, heart palpitations, increased appetite.

• Why experimenting with tobacco is risky – Nicotine dependence – Probability for becoming addicted after one exposure is higher than for other addictive substances. – Teens have more difficulty quitting – A majority of adult smokers started smoking before 18 – These individuals are more likely to become heavy smokers & to die of a disease caused by smoking.

What is Tobacco? • An herbal plant that is grown for its leaves & that contains nicotine. • Smokeless Tobacco – Tobacco that is chewed or snorted, but not smoked.

Smoking • What does cigarette smoke contain? • Shards O Glass • Estimated 4, 000 different chemicals in cigarette smoke. 43 of which are carcinogens (a chemical that is known to cause cancer) • Tar: A sticky, thick fluid that is formed when tobacco is burned. Irritates respiratory tissues & is a major cause of lung cancer • Carbon Monoxide: An odorless, tasteless gas.

How Smoking Harms Health • Smoking Causes Cancer – Lung Cancer • Kills more people than any other cancer • Most people who have lung cancer die within five years. • 9 out of 10 cases of lung cancer are caused by smoking cigarettes. – Also causes cancers of the throat, mouth, esophagus, pancreas, & bladder. • Smoking Harms the Respiratory System – COPD: A disese that interferes with breathing – Emphysema: A condition in which the alveoli lose most of their ability to function. – Smokers Lungs vs. Non-Smokers Lungs

How Smoking Harms Health (continued) • Smoking Causes CVDs – Major cause of heart & blood vessel diseases – Heart Attack – Aortic Aneurysm: A bulging in the aorta • Smoking Causes Accidents • Smoking Causes Other Health Problems – Gum disease, Tooth Decay, problems during pregnancy

Secondhand Smoke • 4, 000 chemicals, 200 of which are poisonous and many are carcinogens • Responsible for 3, 000 lung cancer deaths & 35, 000 deaths from heart disease per year in the US. • Responsible for causing 150, 000 -300, 000 lower respiratory tract infections in infants & children under 18 months of age.

What to Know About Secondhand Smoke • Secondhand Smoke: Exhaled mainstream smoke & sidestream smoke are types of secondhand smoke. • 2 Types – Sidestream Smoke: Smoke that enters the air from a burning cigarette, cigar, or pipe. – Mainstream Smoke: Smoke that is directly inhaled into the smoker's mouth & lungs.

Let's Debate. . . Do you agree or disagree with the Smoke Free Act in Illinois?

Smokeless Tobacco • Chewing Tobacco: A tobacco product made from chopped tobacco leaves that is placed between the gums & cheek. • Snuff: A tobacco product made from powered tobacco leaves & stems that is snorted or placed between the gums & cheek. • Has most of the same harmful ingredients as other tobacco products.

What to Know About Smokeless Tobacco • Smokeless Tobacco Causes Nicotine Dependence • Smokeless Tobacco Contains Many Chemicals that Harm Health • Smokeless Tobacco Increases the Risk of Developing Cancer – Leukoplakia: Abnormal cells in the mouth that appear as white patches of tissue. Often times become cancerous. • Smokeless Tobacco Causes Problems with the Gums & Teeth

Quitting Tobacco Use • List reasons why you want to quit. • Decide when you want to quit. • Make a health behavior contact. • Consider situations in which you usually have a cigarette or use smokeless tobacco. • Join a tobacco cessation program • Get help from others • Throw all tobacco products away • Be prepared for temptation • Participate in activities that keep your mind off of using tobacco. • Get help from a healthcare professional • Avoid weight gain • Keep your guard up • If you slip up & use tobacco, keep trying to quit

Quitting Tobacco Use • Methods to Help Quit Smoking • Quit Smoking Timeline