12 4 The Spread of Protestantism First a

12. 4 The Spread of Protestantism

First a review from 12. 3 § What is Christian Humanism? § What’s the deal with Desiderius Erasmus? § What was Luther’s problem with Indulgences? § Where did Luther’s reformation take place? § What were the Edict of Worms and the Peace of Augsburg (both had to do with Charles V, Luther, and the Holy Roman Emrpire

Zwinglian Reformation A peace in Augsburg meant that Christian unity was forever lost! Even before peace, however, division had appeared in Protestantism. One of the new groups appeared in Switzerland. § Explain what reforms took place in Zürich? § Reforms made things a lot more simplified and plain § Relics were banned! White walls only! § Paintings and decorations were removed § No more mass- prayer/readings/sermons only § Why did German and Swiss reformers want to unite? § In order to defend themselves against Catholic authorities § Who took over as the leader of Protestantism in Switzerland? § John Calvin

Calvin and Calvinism § Describe justification. § That faith alone will determine a sinner’s fate - whether or not they end up in heaven § What do John Calvin’s rules suggest about his view on human nature? § That people were too weak to resist the temptation of sin; therefore, they need to be kept firmly in check by strict rules. § Describe how Calvin reformed the city of Geneva § He created church government that used both clergy (religious leaders) and laity (lay people- that word isn’t going away!); set up the consistory to oversee moral life; trained missionaries and sent them to parts of Europe

Reformation in England § What prompted the development of a new Church of England? § The King’s desire for a second wife (because he wanted a male heir) and the Pope’s refusal to grant him an annulment. It was a political desire, not religious. § What were the results of Bloody Mary’s policies? § Mary was a Catholic and she wanted to restore Catholicism. She burned more than 300 Protestants as heretics. It had the opposite effect as England became even more Protestant.

Anabaptists § How did the Anabaptists differ from other Protestant groups? § They believed in adult baptism § Why were the Anabaptists considered to be dangerous political radicals? § They believed in complete separation of the church and state (government) and that the state had no authority over real Christians. They refused to hold political office or bear arms.

Reformation and Society § What impact did the Protestant Reformation have on women? § It placed greater emphasis on family; the wife was compelled to obey her husband bear children § What was the impact of the Protestant Reformation on Jews in Europe? § The reformation awakened stronger anti-Semitic feelings, leading to persecution and segregation of Jews. Jewish people refused to convert to Lutheranism. § They just can’t catch a break! Why were they in Europe anyway? Where did they leave and where were they living now? ? ? Catholic Reformation § How did the Protestant Reformation affect the Catholic Church? § It led to no changes in the Roman Catholic Church (faith and good works, 7 sacraments, Eucharist, clerical celibacy, etc. )

Vocab Triangle Example Student “School is a place where a student is taught material to apply to life” –Cole Yearsley Learning Students earn grades in their classes based off of their proficiency on summative assessments Education Institution Schools determine how grades are earned, recorded, analyzed, and used to better student Grades

Define Vocab Words 1. Indulgence: A release from all or part of the punishment from sin. An indulgence could reduce time in purgatory. You could buy an indulgence 2. Christian Humanist: They believed in the ability of human beings to reason and improve themselves. Their goal was to reform the Catholic Church. Thought people should read Christian works to become more pious 3. Salvation: Acceptance into heaven. Catholics believed that moral effort earned salvation while Protestants believed that faith in God earned salvation

Vocab Triangle Indulgence The Catholic Church would sell indulgences for people to achieve salvation quicker Reform Christian Humanists wanted to end the practice of Indulgences as a means to get to heaven Faith vs. Good Works Salvation Christian Humanists wanted to reform the Catholic Church, including the path to salvation from good works to faith Christian Humanist

Inductive Reasoning!!! § You got this!