12 3 Collapse of Recon CLQ Reconstruction Collapse

12. 3: Collapse of Recon • • CLQ: Reconstruction Collapse of Reconstruction Crash Course: Reconstruction State of Louisiana Literacy Test

Public Loses Interest • Grant loses popularity corruption/scandals involving high ranking admin. officials - Whiskey Ring tax collectors accept bribes to not tax producers - Credit Mobilier congressmen overfunded RR builder then accepted bribes from profits • Panic of 1873 - stock market collapse - bank closures • too long a process • bigger issues to deal with

Return to the “Solid South” • Amnesty Act of 1872 (allowed most former Confeds to vote) • redemption Dems return to power in the South • home rule states run own gov’ts w/o fed intervention • poll taxes, literacy tests, voter intimidation allow south to sidestep 15 th Amend • support of the SCOTUS

14 th Amendment 1. State and federal citizenship for all persons regardless of race both born or naturalized in the United States was reaffirmed. 2. No state would be allowed to abridge the "privileges and immunities" of citizens. 3. No person was allowed to be deprived of life, liberty, or property without "due process of law. “ 4. No person could be denied "equal protection of the laws. "

15 th Amendment • The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.

H of R 1867 -1869

Senate: 1867 - 1869

H of R: 1879 - 1881

Senate: 1879 - 1881

Republican Rutherford B. Hayes 4, 034, 311 47. 5% Party Candidate Popular Votes Democrat Samuel J. Tilden 4, 288, 546 51. 5% 165 Electoral Votes (185 needed) 184 ** 185 ** 20 Electoral Votes Disputed 184

Since there was no clear majority in the Electoral College the vote went to the House of Representatives. Southerners agreed to make Hayes President if he removed troops from the South.

Compromise of 1877 Northern Republicans get… Southern Democrats get… Hayes becomes President of the United States 1. withdrawal of federal troops in Southern states 2. Southerner named to cabinet 3. federal $ to improve south (esp. railroads)

State of Louisiana Literacy Test (This test is to be given to anyone who cannot prove a fifth grade education. ) Directions: Do what you are told to do in each statement, nothing more, nothing less. Be careful as one wrong answer denotes failure. You have 10 minutes. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Draw a line around the number or letter of this sentence. Draw a line under the last word in this line. Cross out the longest word in this line. Draw a line around the shortest word in this line. Circle the first, first letter of the alphabet in this line. In the space below draw three circles, one inside (engulfed by) the other.