114 Learning Targets I can explain why the

11/4 Learning Targets • I can explain why the Roman empire fell

Julius Caesar • Any Questions on the sheet from yesterday?

Table Texting • With your group of four, answer the question, once everyone is done then you pass the paper to your left. • When you are finished with all four answers, write one sentence that summarizes the answer to your question • As a group, answer the learning target for today in your notebooks

THE RISE AND FALL OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE

Rome built great stuff • Rome built great roads to travel on and aqueducts to bring water into the city. • Rome also built great stadiums and amphitheaters for the entertainment of the people. • Romans also developed the use of the arch.

The Pantheon Once a temple to Roman gods, today the Pantheon is a Christian church

Hadrian’s Wall Many stones have been removed for other building projects

The Colosseum An amphitheater capable of seating 50, 000 (often used for gladiatorial contests)

Inside the Colosseum Underground vaults and tunnels were used to house animals and slaves

The Appian Way This was the first major Roman road it connected Rome with SE Italy

Rome was a Republic • A republic is a form of government where people elect representatives. • The United States has a representative government. We learned about this form of government from the Romans.

The Senate • The Senate led the Roman Empire. • They made the laws for the republic.

Rome’s women • Rome might have had representative government, but not all people were represented. • Roman women were not allowed to vote.

Roman Citizenship • Romans had a strong sense of citizenship. • Roman citizens were protected by Rome, but had a duty to participate in society and to make it better. • The philosophy that preached good citizenship was called Stoicism. • Stoicism stressed the importance of being a good citizen.

Roman Law and Rights • Roman laws stressed fairness and common sense. • There was equal treatment under the law in Rome and people were considered innocent until proved guilty when accused of a crime. • We took much of our system of government from the Romans.

Roman Art • Mosaics were popular in Rome. A mosaic is a picture made out of small, colored tiles or pieces of glass. • The Romans also made great statues that looked like the real thing, even though they were made from stone.

Rome’s first emperor • Octavian is Rome’s first emperor. • He took the name Augustus Caesar. • Under his rule, Rome expanded and enjoyed a period of peace.

Pax Romana • Rome lived in peace for 200 years. • It was called the Pax Romana, the Peace of Rome. Unfortunately for Rome, the peace would not last.

Tiberius (ruled 14 -37 AD) • Distinguished general • Adopted by Augustus, since he was “out of relatives” • Forced to divorce his wife and marry Augustus’ daughter, Julia • Long reign created stability during transition after Augustus • Struggled with remnants of Republic—appointed people to hold the offices of consul, senator, etc.

Nero (ruled 54 -68 AD) • Took over at 16 • Musician and actor • Popular with the poor— sponsored public festivals and handed out cash • Unpopular—drained the treasury, excessive charges of treason • Commanders in the provinces rebelled and brought down regime, Nero commits suicide

Nero Cont’d • Killed his mother & numerous senators who he felt threatened by (195) • Confiscated people’s estates • In disguise, roamed streets at night, mugging, stealing • Divorced & exiled first wife-married mistress, had head of ex brought to new wife • Blamed for burning down Rome to build his estate - Known for “Devil Went Down to Georgia”

Rome grew weak • Rome grew weak because it had grown too large. • Another reason Rome grew weak is that they had tax problems and couldn’t raise enough money to keep the roads from crumbling. • Slavery was also a problem in the empire. With so many slaves, the people did not need to work. • Internal problems that helped Rome’s downfall were corrupt generals, civil wars, and economic problems.

Barbarians at the gates • Romans called the people who destroyed Rome Barbarians. • Romans called anyone who didn’t speak Greek, even though the word barbarian actually means uncivilized, lacking in culture and violent. • The Roman Empire fell in 476 AD. • The eastern part of the empire would survive.

Crash Course- Fall of Rome • https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=3 Psz. VWZNWVA