11 May 2012 Power stations Thermal power stations
- Slides: 15
11 May 2012 Power stations Thermal power stations Sankey diagrams World power generation Tsokos p. 430 qns 3 -7 11 Physics 8. 1, 8. 2, 8. 3 Power generation Tsokos 7. 1
Three Gorges Dam, Hydroelectric Power Station, China (22 GW- largest power plant in the world)
Wind turbine, Denmark (40 k. W)
Nellis Solar plant, USA (200 k. W)
Wave generator, Denmark 140 k. W (with 33 k. W wind turbines)
Thermal Power Station A In the boiler, the fuel burns in air, making heat. G The heat boils the water and turns it to steam. E The steam travels along pipes and steam pressure turns the turbine. I The turbine drives the alternator. H The alternator generates electricity. C A step up transformer increases the voltage of the electricity. B The electricity travels to homes and factories along power cables. D In the condenser, cooling water cools the steam. F The recycled water is fed back to
Power station efficiency Generating electricity in a typical thermal power station has an efficiency around 35%. Cyclical processes cannot convert all thermal energy to work. Excess heat can be used in combined heat and power plants.
Degraded energy lost due to cyclical process of converting heat into work (2 nd law of thermodynamics) Fossil fuel typical efficiency maximum efficiency coal 35% 42% oil 38% 45% natural gas 45% 52%
heat engine Tsokos p. 416
Construct a Sankey diagram for a bouncing ball of mass 1 kg dropping from 1 m which bounces to 70% of its height each bounce.
Generator (alternator) Coil rotates in a magnetic field, kinetic energy is converted to electrical energy
Coal-fired thermal power station, Sofia, Bulgaria (0. 5 GW)
Susquehanna , Nuclear Power plant, Pennsylvania, USA (1. 2 GW)
Nesjavellir, Geothermal Power Station, Iceland (0. 6 GW)
Power generation Source of Electricity (World total year 2008) Natural Gas Nuclear Hydro other Total 8, 263 1, 111 4, 301 2, 731 3, 288 568 20, 261 41％ 21％ 13％ 16％ 3% 100% - Coal Electricity (TWｈ /year) Proportion Oil 5％ Sources of electricity in France in 2006
Chapter 5 thermal energy answer key
Thermal transfer vs direct thermal printing
Water hammer effect in hydro power plant
Real power formula
Hci patterns
Ten thousand airline reservation stations are competing for
Weather symbols for station models
The way of the cross 14 stations
Stations of the cross for teachers
Which of the reporting stations have vfr weather
_is the very important function in the radio telex system
Stations design sicily
Stations of the cross we adore you
Stations of the cross introduction
Stations of the cross for our times
Opening prayer stations of the cross
