11 Configuring the Oracle Network Environment Copyright 2005

Objectives After completing this lesson, you should be able to: • Use Enterprise Manager

Oracle Net Services Application Oracle Net Client or middle tier RDBMS TCP/IP network Oracle

Oracle Net Listener Enterprise Manager Database Control Listener Oracle databases Oracle Net configuration files

Establishing Net Connections To make a client or middle-tier connection, Oracle Net requires the

Establishing a Connection Incoming connection request Listener 11 -6 Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All

User Sessions Server process User session PGA User process Listener 11 -7 Copyright ©

Tools for Configuring and Managing the Oracle Network • • 11 -8 Enterprise Manager

Listener Control Utility Oracle Net listeners can be controlled with the command-line lsnrctl utility

Listener Control Utility Syntax Commands from the listener control utility can be issued from

Listener Home Page 11 -12 Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Net Services Administration Pages 11 -13 Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Creating a Listener 1 2 3 4 11 -14 Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All

Adding Listener Addresses 5 6 11 -15 7 Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights

Database Service Registration 11 -16 Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Naming Methods Oracle Net supports several methods of resolving connection information: • Easy connect

Easy Connect • • Is enabled by default Requires no client-side configuration Supports only

Local Naming • • • Requires a client-side Names Resolution file Supports all Oracle

Directory Naming • Requires LDAP with Oracle Net Names Resolution information loaded: – Oracle

External Naming Method • • Uses a supported non-Oracle naming service Includes: – Network

Configuring Service Aliases Create or edit 11 -22 Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights

Advanced Connection Options Oracle Net supports the following advanced connection options with local and

Testing Oracle Net Connectivity The tnsping utility that tests Oracle Net service aliases: •

User Sessions: Dedicated Server User sessions Server process Listener 11 -26 Copyright © 2005,

User Sessions: Shared Servers Dispatcher Server process User sessions Listener 11 -27 Copyright ©

SGA and PGA Oracle Shared Server: User session data is held in the SGA

Shared Server: Connection Pooling Idle client The client application has been idle past the

When Not to Use a Shared Server Certain types of database work must not

Summary In this lesson, you should have learned how to: • Use Enterprise Manager

Practice Overview: Working with Oracle Network Components This practice covers: • Configuring local Names

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Objectives After completing this lesson, you should be able to: • Use Enterprise Manager to: – – • • 11 -2 Create additional listeners Create Oracle Net Service aliases Configure connect-time failover Control the Oracle Net Listener Use tnsping to test Oracle Net connectivity Identify when to use shared serversus dedicated servers Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Oracle Net Services Application Oracle Net Client or middle tier RDBMS TCP/IP network Oracle Net configuration files 11 -3 Oracle Net Listener Database server Oracle Net configuration files Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Oracle Net Listener Enterprise Manager Database Control Listener Oracle databases Oracle Net configuration files <oracle_home>/network/admin/listener. ora sqlnet. ora 11 -4 Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Establishing Net Connections To make a client or middle-tier connection, Oracle Net requires the client to know the: • Host where the listener is running • Port that the listener is monitoring • Protocol that the listener is using • Name of the service that the listener is handling Names Resolution 11 -5 Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Tools for Configuring and Managing the Oracle Network • • 11 -8 Enterprise Manager Net Services Administration page Oracle Net Manager Oracle Net Configuration Assistant launched by Oracle Universal Installer Command line Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Listener Control Utility Oracle Net listeners can be controlled with the command-line lsnrctl utility (or from EM). $lsnrctl LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 10. 2. 0. 0. 0 on 12 -MAY-2005 13: 27: 51 Copyright (c) 1991, 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved. Welcome to LSNRCTL, type "help" for information. LSNRCTL> help The following operations are available An asterisk (*) denotes a modifier or extended command: start services save_config change_password set* 11 -9 stop version trace quit show* status reload spawn exit Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Listener Control Utility Syntax Commands from the listener control utility can be issued from the command line or from the LSNRCTL prompt. • UNIX or Linux command-line syntax: $ lsnrctl <command name> $ lsnrctl start $ lsnrctl status • Prompt syntax: LSNRCTL> <command name> LSNRCTL> start LSNRCTL> status 11 -10 Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Naming Methods Oracle Net supports several methods of resolving connection information: • Easy connect naming: Uses a TCP/IP connect string • Local naming: Uses a local configuration file • Directory naming: Uses a centralized LDAP-compliant directory server • External naming: Uses a supported non-Oracle naming service Client/application server Oracle Net configuration files 11 -17 Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Easy Connect • • Is enabled by default Requires no client-side configuration Supports only TCP/IP (no SSL) Offers no support for advanced connection options, such as: – Connect-time failover – Source routing – Load balancing SQL> CONNECT hr/hr@db. us. oracle. com: 1521/dba 10 g No Oracle Net configuration files 11 -18 Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Local Naming • • • Requires a client-side Names Resolution file Supports all Oracle Net protocols Supports advanced connection options, such as: – Connect-time failover – Source routing – Load balancing SQL> CONNECT hr/hr@orcl Oracle Net configuration files 11 -19 Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Directory Naming • Requires LDAP with Oracle Net Names Resolution information loaded: – Oracle Internet Directory – Microsoft Active Directory Services • • Supports all Oracle Net protocols Supports advanced connection options LDAP directory SQL> CONNECT hr/hr@orcl Oracle Net configuration files 11 -20 Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

External Naming Method • • Uses a supported non-Oracle naming service Includes: – Network Information Service (NIS) External Naming – Distributed Computing Environment (DCE) Cell Directory Services (CDS) Non-Oracle naming service Oracle Net 11 -21 Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Advanced Connection Options Oracle Net supports the following advanced connection options with local and directory naming: • Connect-time failover • Load balancing • Source routing 11 -23 Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Testing Oracle Net Connectivity The tnsping utility that tests Oracle Net service aliases: • Ensures connectivity between the client and the Oracle Net Listener • Does not verify that the requested service is available • Supports Easy Connect Names Resolution: tnsping db. us. oracle. com: 1521/dba 10 g • Supports local and directory naming: tnsping orcl 11 -25 Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

SGA and PGA Oracle Shared Server: User session data is held in the SGA User Cursor session state data PGA Sort data Large pool and other memory structures Remember to factor in shared server memory requirement when sizing the SGA. 11 -28 Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. Stack space

Shared Server: Connection Pooling Idle client The client application has been idle past the specified time, and an incoming client requests a connection. Active client New client Database server This client connection is the 256 th connection into the server. Connection pooling is turned on, so that this connection can be accepted. 11 -29 Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. The maximum number of connections is configured to 255.

When Not to Use a Shared Server Certain types of database work must not be performed by using shared servers: • Database administration • Backup and recovery operations • Batch processing and bulk load operations • Data warehouse operations Dispatcher 11 -30 Dedicated Server process Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Summary In this lesson, you should have learned how to: • Use Enterprise Manager to: – – • • 11 -31 Create additional listeners Create Oracle Net Service aliases Configure connect-time failover Control the Oracle Net Listener Use tnsping to test Oracle Net connectivity Identify when to use shared serversus dedicated servers Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Practice Overview: Working with Oracle Network Components This practice covers: • Configuring local Names Resolution to connect to another database • Creating a second listener for connect-time failover 11 -32 Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.