100 Years Ago Life in 1910 compared to

100 Years Ago Life in 1910 compared to Life in 2010

Background Info 1910 • • • U. S. was first considered a world power Population of U. S. – 92, 228, 496 46 states in the union Average Salary - $750 / year Life Expectancy – Males: 48. 4 years Females: 51. 8 years

Background Info 2010 • • • U. S. a world superpower Population – 281, 421, 906 50 states in the union Average Salary – $36. 764 Life Expectancy – Males: 75 years Females: 80 years

Family Life 1910 • Majority of families were Husband + Wife + Several Children • Divorce rate was 1 out of 1000 marriages • Most families lived in rural areas • Poor lived in inner city tenements (slums) • Many children worked from the age of 10 to help support the family • Many children did not survive to adulthood • “Children should be seen, not heard. ”

Family Life 1910

Family Life 2010 • • Only half are traditional families 43% of marriages end in divorce Divorce = step families, single parent families Most families live in metropolitan areas Fewer children (2 or 3) Children have more rights No child labor in U. S. Families are centered around the needs of the children

Family Life 2010 Single Parent Families Minority Families Children have more rights and leisure time.

Predict What will Family Life be like in 2110?

Housing/Habitat 1910 • U. S. mainly a rural country • Inner cities filled with poor and immigrants, plus some very wealthy areas • Tenements were crowded, dirty, and full of diseases • Farms did not have access to electricity, roads, shops, higher education • Most homes were simple-large kitchens, porches, made of wood

Housing/Habitat 1910 Rural City-Wealthy and Poor Slum Factory Town Typical American small town home

Housing/Habitat 2010 • U. S. mainly an urban country • Inner cities a combination of very wealthy and very poor • Inner city plagued with crime, gangs • Most rural areas have access to everything • New habitat is popular with middle class – Suburbs • Suburban homes for families; yards; shopping

Housing/Habitat 2010

Predict What will Housing and Habitats be like in 2110?

Government 1910 • President – William Howard Taft (R) • Democracy • Important Issues: – Immigration – Progressivism – Labor (unions, child labor)

Government 2010 • President – Barack Obama (D) • Democracy • Important Issues – Economy (esp. unemployment) – War in Middle East – Health Care – Environment – Taxes

Predict What will Government be like in 2110?

Labor/Employment 1910 • 60. 7% of workers worked 54 -60 hours a week, 6 days a week • 33. 2% of American workers worked in Agriculture & related industries • 27. 9% of American workers worked in Manufacturing & Mechanical industries • Child labor was common and cheap • Children started working at 7 or 8 years old • Rise of Labor Unions to stop abuses • No unemployment benefits, insurance, social security

Labor/Employment 1910 Factory Scene Lumberjacks Coal Miners Child Labor

Labor/Employment 2010 Law – 40 hour work week Growing white-collar jobs (offices) Child labor restricted Labor Unions are becoming smaller and weaker Employers offer benefits such as insurance, retirement, paid vacation • Minimum wage set by the states • Government oversees safety in the workplace • Losing jobs to China and other countries • • •

Labor/Employment 2010 Unemployment Line Service Industries Waiters White Collar Workers Chinese Factory Workers Google Employees

Predict What will Labor and Employment be like in 2110?

Education 1910 • Only one-third of children were enrolled in elementary school (children worked) • Only 10% of teens graduated from high school • Only 2. 7% of young adults graduated from college (mainly white upper class males) • Catholic Schools becoming popular • Schools are segregated legally (white schools and “colored” schools) • Quality of education varies from place to place

Education 1910 Classroom in 1910 College Students Typical 1910 School Textbook

Education 2010 Children must attend school until age 17 (in IL) Public Education is accessible to all areas High School Graduation Rate: 84. 1% College Graduation Rate: 26. 7% Quality of education varies from place to place To make public education more reliable and uniform, standardized testing is used to measure student progress • Districts and teachers held more accountable for student learning • • •

Education 2010

Predict What will Education be like in 2110?

Civil Rights 1910 • African Americans treated as second-class citizens (segregated low quality education, prevented from voting, couldn’t join unions) • African American literacy rate – 55. 5% • Lynching, Ku Klux Klan active • Immigrants were discriminated against • Women not yet allowed to vote • Native Americans forced into reservations

Civil Rights 1910 Women demonstrate for the right to vote African Americans New Immigrants Native American Reservation

Civil Rights 2010 • Some Civil Rights movements today: – Gay Rights – Immigrants (esp. illegal immigrants) – Pro-Life/Pro-Choice Debate – Some people fight for animal rights

Civil Rights 2010 Gay Rights Immigration Reform Protesting Animal Cruelty Abortion

Predict Who will be fighting for Civil Rights in 2110?

Commerce/Money 1910 • Mass production/assembly line • Workers start to make money = buying more consumer goods • Most people did not own their own home • Start of the working middle class • Upper class invest in stock market • Banks hold money; open limited hours

Commerce/Money 1910 Wall Street Assembly Line San Francisco Bank

Commerce/Money 2010 • Recession (unemployment, foreclosures, no credit, businesses closing) • Credit cards are popular • Debit cards make cash unnecessary • ATM’s to access money 24 hours a day • Money in banks is insured by federal government • Upper and middle class invest in stock market

Commerce/Money 2010

Predict What will Commerce and Money be like in 2110?

Transportation 1910 • Horses, trains, boats, and walking were still main methods of transportation • Automobiles were just coming out; most people did not own one (too expensive) • In a few years, Model T will become affordable • Airplane was just invented, not practical yet • In the cities, trolleys and streetcars run by electricity got people around town • People lived near work

Transportation 1910 Titanic Riverboat Trolley

Transportation 2010 Global transportation faster—airplanes Trains and boats still used for cargo and people Commuter trains between city and suburbs Buses and electric trains in the cities (subways) Most people own a car Cars causing environmental problems (pollution, oil spills, concrete invading natural areas) • Space exploration • • •

Transportation 2010

Predict What will Transportation be like in 2110?

Communication 1910 • People had more face-to-face conversations (visits) • Telephone invented, but not widespread • Letter writing for long distance communication • Government Postal Service delivered mail • Overseas and ship-to-shore telegraphs (Morse code) • Radio just invented, not in use yet

Communication 1910 Telephone Operators at a switchboard Old Telephone Letter Writing Early Radio Station Telegraph Machine

Communication 2010 Face-to-face conversations unnecessary Instant communication/always in touch Cell phones with texting and Internet Computers with Internet-communicate with the world • Instant messaging, Facebook, Skype, blogs, wikis, chat rooms… • Television, radio • Satellites for TV, radio, and phones • •

Communication 2010

Predict What will Communication be like in 2110?

Fashion 1910 • • • Formal and conservative compared to today Becoming less elaborate than in the past Women’s hemlines higher-ankles showed Men-jacket, tie, starched shirt collars Both men and women wore hats Boys wore short pants until teenagers Girls wore shorter dresses until teens Women’s hair arranged swept up and back Men used oil in hair and grew mustaches

Fashion 1910 Moustache Bathing Beauties Hard to Care For Hair Worn Up Hats, Furs, Feathers, Umbrellas

Fashion 2010 • Clothes becoming more informal overall • Clothes make a statement about your personality • Easy to care for fabrics • Variety of fashion styles and hair styles are acceptable • More skin showing on females is acceptable • Tattoos, hair coloring, make up, cosmetic surgery are all becoming the norm • Celebrities influence fashion

Fashion 2010

Predict What will Fashion be like in 2110?

Warfare 1910 • World War I broke out in 1914 • War had become more mechanical • Soldiers no longer marched to battle in formation • Soldiers dug trenches to escape artillery fire • Machine guns and tanks were new • Poison Gas was used = Gas masks • Airplanes first used for reconnaissance, then to drop bombs on the enemy

Warfare 1910 Machine Gun Tank Trench Warfare Gas Mask

Warfare 2010 • Warfare is less personal • Can kill the enemy from far away (missiles, bombs, drones, satellite guidance) • Airplanes, tanks, ships, artillery, soldiers still used in war • Nuclear weapons available, not used • Geneva Convention-Rules of War • Terrorism a new kind of warfare-innocent victims

Warfare 2010 Unmanned Drone

Predict What will Warfare be like in 2110?

Health/Medicine 1910 • Infectious diseases were the most common causes of death (tuberculosis, influenza) • Crowded cities and dirty conditions contributed to infections • Germ theory of infection discovered • Vaccinations were being developed • Garbage disposal and clean water supply became crucial to public health • Food safety an issue

Health/Medicine 1910 Operating Room Making vaccine Tuberculosis Hospital Elixirs were sold to cure anything Syringe in 1910

Health/Medicine 2010 • Today’s causes of death: Heart Disease, Cancer • Infectious diseases controlled by antibiotics • Poor eating habits and other bad habits (smoking) are affecting our health • Vaccines prevent many diseases • Early detection helping people survive cancer • Diagnostic tests find diseases earlier

Health/Medicine 2010

Predict What will Health and Medicine be like in 2110?

Sports 1910 • • • Baseball is the most popular spectator sport Automobile racing just began Football was played with very little padding Tennis Boxing Horse Racing

Sports 1910 Football Player First Indy races in 1910 Ty Cobb, Pitcher Olympic Athlete Jim Thorpe

Sports 2010 • More competitive and intense • Many sports from 1910 are still popular today • Athletes may be paid millions of dollars to play sports • Entire television networks are devoted to showing sports all the time • College sports are becoming more popular to watch

Sports 2010

Predict What will Sports be like in 2110?

Celebrities 1910 Silent Film Star Charlie Chaplin Helen Keller Actors Douglas Fairbanks and Mary Pickford were the Brad and Angelina of 1910

Celebrities 2010

Predict What kinds of people will be celebrities in 2110?

Innovations 1910 Panama Canal was being built. Opened in 1914. Ford Model T, the first affordable car Fingerprints used as identification

Innovations 2010 Steve Jobs introduces the i. Pad 3 -D Television Nissan Leaf, 100% electric car

Predict What kinds of new innovations will there be in 2110?

Your Assignment • A partner will be randomly chosen for you. • You and your partner will be assigned one of the 100 Years topics. • Think about how that topic has changed in the past 100 years. This will help you think of how it might change in the next 100 years. • Create a mobile of that topic depicting 2110. • One side will be a visual; the other side uses words to describe the future for your topic. • You will have 2 class periods to work.