10 Stages of Genocide The escalation of hatred

10 Stages of Genocide The escalation of hatred and what you can do

10 stages – why it is a useful framework • The Ten Stages of Genocide explore a possible timeline of genocide. • Elements that are included in the 10 stages such as prejudice, discrimination, exclusion and intolerance are common in most societies • Every systematic genocide has been built on a failure to challenge these behaviours; failures which can become problematic in specific social conditions • The Ten Stages approach can help in potentially preventing future genocides

A brief history • Bosnia-Herzegovina is a small European country in the region known as the Balkans • Part of the former Yugoslavia • Rise of nationalism lead to the breaking up of the country • Due to the demographic make up of Bosnia, the country imploded

A brief history • Bosniaks – Muslim • Bosnian Croats – Catholic • Bosnian Serbs - Orthodox

Ethnic Cleansing and Genocide

What are the stages? 1) Classification: who is “us” and “them” 2) Symbolisation: symbols are used as differentiators 3) Discrimination: refusal of the rights of other groups

Stages of genocide 4) Dehumanisation 5) Organisation 6) Polarisation Dehumanising pro-Nazi cartoon from Der Sturmer, representing Jewishness as a spider.

Stages of genocide 7) Preparation 8)Persecution 9) Extermination 10) Denial Photo credit: Ron Haviv

Preventing the escalation of hatred • From the 10 stages of genocide we can be more aware of the indicators and identify where individuals or the international community could have made different choices • We can contextualise and critically assess the choices that individuals, organisations and state actors make • We can also reflect on the choices we make

Srebrenica: manifestations of hatred • Racism and ethnic superiority • Religious hatred – Islamophobia • Xenophobia • Misogyny and “gendercide” These forms of hatred were overlapping and intersectional.

Unite Against Hatred 90 second video: https: //bit. ly/2 Ib 7 Lx. G

Learn more • Reporting hate crime and information on hate crime: www. report-it. org. uk/home • Remembering Srebrenica: www. srebrenica. org. uk Twitter: @Srebrenica. UK • The 10 Stages of genocide: www. genocidewatch. com