10 minutes presentation Malaysia SEAMEO RECSAM What is

10 minutes presentation Malaysia (SEAMEO RECSAM) �What is the issue on energy? �What reform is going on? �Lesson study for cross border? SUHAIDAH TAHIR Malaysia (Xth APEC-Tsukuba Conference 2016)

ØWhat is the issue on energy? ØIn relation to STEM Education, what reform is going on? ØLesson study for cross border? Malaysia (Xth APEC-Tsukuba Conference 2016)

A Petroliam Nasional Bhd. (Petronas) gas station stands in front of the Petronas Twin Towers, second right, in Kuala Lumpur. Malaysia is the second-largest oil and natural gas producer in Southeast Asia and the world’s second-biggest exporter of liquefied natural gas, according to the U. S. Malaysia (Xth APEC-Tsukuba Conference Energy Information Administration. Photographer: Charles Pertwee/Bloomberg 2016)

Malaysia (Xth APEC-Tsukuba Conference 2016)

Peninsula Malaysia Generation Mix 2013 MFO & Gas (Co-gen) Import Hydro Distillate 0. 58% 0. 18% 2. 52% 4. 80% Coal 42. 56% Gas (TNB and IPPs) 49. 36% Coal Hydro Gas Co-gen Malaysia (Xth APEC-Tsukuba Conference 2016) MFO & DF Interconnection

Energy Supply and Demand Note: Source: Malaysia APEC-Tsukuba i) Primary Energy Supply does not include Renewable Energy (RE)(Xth except Hydropower i) Department of Statistics Malaysia 2016) ii) National Energy Balance 2011 Conference

Malaysia (Xth APEC-Tsukuba Conference 2016)

Energy Efficiency In Malaysia’s Key Energy Policies Petroleum Development Act 1974 National Petroleum Policy 1975 National Energy Policy 1979 National Depletion Policy 1980 Four-Fuel Diversification Strategy 1981 Five-Fuel Diversification Strategy 2001 • To ensure • To prolong • To pursue • Renewable • To regulate • Vested on adequacy, lifespan of balanced Energy included PETRONAS the downstream security and cost Malaysia’s oil utilization of oil, as the “fifth oil & gas exclusive -effectiveness of reserves for gas, hydro and fuel” in energy industry via rights to future security coal supply mix the Petroleum energy supply explore, & stability of Regulations develop and • To promote oil supply 1974 produce efficient petroleum utilization of resources of energy Malaysia • To minimize negative environmental impacts in the energy supply chain Malaysia (Xth APEC-Tsukuba Conference 2016)

Energy Efficiency Initiatives In Malaysia • • • • • Energy efficiency promotion in the Seventh Malaysia Plan (1996 -2000) Malaysian Industrial Efficiency Improvement Programme (MIEEP) (1999) Fiscal incentives for EE (2001) Development of Malaysian Standard MS 1525 (2001) Capacity building on EE and DSM for key institutions (2002) Energy audit on government buildings (2002) EE and RE in education curriculum and university courses (2002) Energy efficient building demonstration projects (2004) Development of EE guidelines for Malaysian industries (2006) Efficient Management Of Electrical Energy Regulations (2008) Green Building Index (GBI) (2009) EE rating and labelling (2009) Green Technology Financing Scheme (2010) EE equipment rebate scheme (2011) Minimum energy performance standards (MEPS) regulations (2013) Incentive-based tariff regulation (2014) Malaysia (Xth APEC-Tsukuba Conference 5% energy reduction target for government buildings (2014) 2016)

Malaysia’s Final Energy Intensity Note: Source: Intensity = Quantity of energy required per unit output or activity (*): Final Energy Demand / GDP at 2005 prices (**): Industrial Energy Demand / Industrial GDP at 2005 prices i) Department of Statistics Malaysia ii) National Energy Balance 2011 (Xth APEC-Tsukuba Conference 2016)

Malaysia’s Electricity Intensity Note: Sources: Intensity = Quantity of energy required per unit output or activity (*): Electricity Intensity (toe/RM Million GDP at 2005 prices (**): Electricity Intensity (GWh/RM Million GDP) at 2005 prices i) Department of Statistics Malaysia ii) TNB, SESB, SEB and IPPs Malaysia (Xth APEC-Tsukuba iii) National Energy Balance 2011 2016) Conference

Heavily subsidised gas price does not make EE attractive RM/mm. Btu 90 80 Diesel 70 60 LNG CIF Japan MFO Price 50 LNG ex-Bintulu 40 ~70% Subsid y 30 Gas Price to PGB 20 Applicable Coal Price (ACP) Gas Price to GMSB 10 Gas Price to Power Sector 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Jan 11 Feb 11 Mar 11 Apr 11 May 11 June 11 July 11 Aug 11 Sep 11 Oct 11 Nov 11 Dec 11 Jan 12 Feb 12 Mar 12 Apr 12 May 12 June 12 July 12 Aug 12 Sep 12 Oct 12 Nov 12 Dec 12 Jan 13 Feb 13 Mac 13 Apr 13 May 13 June 13 July 13 Aug 13 Sep 13 Oct 13 Nov 13 Dec 13 Jan 14 0 Diesel data available from 2005 onward – source: Department of Statistics Malaysia (Xth APEC-Tsukuba Conference 2016)

Gradual move towards market pricing of gas and electricity Peninsular Malaysia’s electricity tariff over the years Malaysia (Xth APEC-Tsukuba Conference 2016)

Electricity Tariff Comparison Average MV Tariff US cents/k. Wh Taiwan South Korea Average HV Tariff US cents/k. Wh Indonesia 11. 81 0. 00 10. 47 Malaysia - Previous Tariff 11. 11 8. 96 USA-PG&E 20. 00 Cents/k. Wh Exchange Rate @ Feb 2014 17. 56 Malaysia - New Tariff 10. 11 10. 00 11. 37 Singapore 19. 24 USA-PG&E 7. 87 Thailand 12. 98 Malaysia - New Tariff 18. 96 Indonesia 13. 50 Singapore 10. 85 Philippines 19. 16 Thailand 9. 70 South Korea 9. 49 Philippines Malaysia - Previous Tariff Taiwan 11. 35 30. 00 Malaysia (Xth APEC-Tsukuba Conference 2016) 10. 69 5. 00 10. 00 15. 00 20. 00 Cents/k. Wh Exchange Rate @ Feb 2014 14

To continue enhancing supply-side EE initiatives Implementing new generation capacity bidding mechanism Promoting co-generation Gradual phasing-out of fuel subsidies with selective subsidization Implementing incentive-based electricity tariff regulation Minimizing technical and non-technical losses in the supply chain Enhancing governance in grid system operations through ring-fencing mechanism Malaysia (Xth APEC-Tsukuba Conference 2016)

�What is the issue on energy? �In relation to STEM Education, what reform is going on? �Lesson study for cross border? Malaysia (Xth APEC-Tsukuba Conference 2016)

Malaysia (Xth APEC-Tsukuba Conference 2016)

Malaysia (Xth APEC-Tsukuba Conference 2016)

Malaysia (Xth APEC-Tsukuba Conference 2016)

Malaysia (Xth APEC-Tsukuba Conference 2016)

Malaysia (Xth APEC-Tsukuba Conference 2016)

Malaysia (Xth APEC-Tsukuba Conference 2016)

Malaysia (Xth APEC-Tsukuba Conference 2016)

Malaysia (Xth APEC-Tsukuba Conference 2016)

Malaysia (Xth APEC-Tsukuba Conference 2016)

Malaysia (Xth APEC-Tsukuba Conference 2016)

RETURN OF INVESTMENT STEM teaching & learning in the Classroom: Integrate technology Reach disciplines both within & beyond STEM fields Relate to authentic or real world problems Based on project-focused tasks Higher order thinking skills - Improvements in PISA & TIMSS results Malaysia (Xth APEC-Tsukuba Conference 2016)

NEW Curriculum standard Malaysia (Xth APEC-Tsukuba Conference 2016)

Malaysia (Xth APEC-Tsukuba Conference 2016)

Malaysia (Xth APEC-Tsukuba Conference 2016)

Malaysia (Xth APEC-Tsukuba Conference 2016)

Malaysia (Xth APEC-Tsukuba Conference 2016)

STEM CAMPS Malaysia (Xth APEC-Tsukuba Conference 2016)

• Malaysian International Young Investor Olympiad Malaysia (Xth APEC-Tsukuba Conference 2016)

Malaysia (Xth APEC-Tsukuba Conference 2016)

Malaysia (Xth APEC-Tsukuba Conference 2016)

Malaysia (Xth APEC-Tsukuba Conference 2016)

The main objective of KLESF is to stimulate students' interest in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematic (STEM) and encourage them to pursue future. . Malaysia (Xth APEC-Tsukuba Conference 2016)

Malaysia (Xth APEC-Tsukuba Conference 2016)

Search for SEAMEO Young Scientists (SSYS) Regional Congress Year Theme ss 1997 1999 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 e r Conserving the Environment Through Youth g. Science n Research Co s t Technology for Us is t Creating Intelligent Cities for the i. Harmonious Societies of en the New Millennium Sc g n Towards a Sustainable Future u o Y Sustainable Development for a Better World O E Sustainable Community Development Through Science M A and Mathematics E S r Solutions for the Local Community Sustainable o f Beyond h 2012: Greening the Environment for a c r a Sustainable Future e S Malaysia (Xth APEC-Tsukuba Conference Disaster Risk Reduction for Sustainable Development 2016)

• Next theme: . . 2018 Congress. . . ”Energy efficiency”. . • Need to prepare from now. . Malaysia (Xth APEC-Tsukuba Conference 2016)

Malaysia (Xth APEC-Tsukuba Conference 2016)

Malaysia (Xth APEC-Tsukuba Conference 2016)

• RECSAM involvement ‘MAGIC OF SCIENCE’ ROADSHOW TECH-DOME PENANG inspiring innovation Malaysia (Xth APEC-Tsukuba Conference 2016)

ØWhat is the issue on energy? ØIn relation to STEM Education, what reform is going on? ØIn relation to Lesson study for cross border? Malaysia (Xth APEC-Tsukuba Conference 2016)

SEAMEO Borderless School Project ØThrough 50 X 3 school networking project ØSharing of resources among SEAMEO Schools ØModule on energy efficiency Øetc Malaysia (Xth APEC-Tsukuba Conference 2016)

�SEAMEO RECSAM is a regional center that enhances competencies of science and mathematics teachers in the Southeast Asian region. �RECSAM plays a significant role in promoting STEM Education through research and training of teachers and educators from SEAMEO member countries. Malaysia (Xth APEC-Tsukuba Conference 2016)

Regular course April 2016 � Meaningful Primary Mathematics Learning in the STEM Environment � Sub-Topic on Energy Efficiency: Awareness of Issues in SEAMEO Countries on Energy Efficiency Malaysia (Xth APEC-Tsukuba Conference 2016)

Malaysia (Xth APEC-Tsukuba Conference 2016)