10 examples density growth 10 examples different load

10 - examples density growth 10 - examples

different load cases [1] [2] [3] midstance phase of gait 2317 N 24˚ extreme range of 1158 N -15˚ abduction extreme range of adduction 1548 N 56˚ 703 N 28˚ 351 N -8 ˚ 468 N 35˚ Carter & Beaupré [2001] example - adaptation in bone

different load cases combination of all load cases necessary Carter & Beaupré [2001] example - adaptation in bone

experiment vs simulation • dense system of compressive trabaculae carrying stress into calcar region • secondary arcuate system, medial joint surface to lateral metaphyseal region • ward‘s triangle, low density region contrasting dense cortical shaft Carter & Beaupré [2001] example - adaptation in bone 4

node point based - h-refinement example - adaptation in bone

node point based - p-refinement example - adaptation in bone

integration point based - p-refinement example - adaptation in bone

parameter sensitivity - instabilities certain parameters induce checkerboard Harrigon & Hamilton [1992], [1994] modes example - adaptation in bone

comparison with x-rays coxa vara coxa norma Pauwels [1973] coxa valga excellent agreement of simulation and xray pattern example - adaptation in bone 9

total hip replacement vs hip resurfacing • about 120, 000 artificial hip replacements in us per year • aseptic loosening caused by adaptive bone • goal prediction of dredisctribution of bone density remodeling example - hip replacement 10

convential total hip replacement ward‘s triangle • trabeculae • dense cortical shaft example - hip replacement 11

convential total hip replacement stress shielding • bone resorption • implang loosening example - hip replacement 12

new birmingham hip resurfacing ward‘s triangle • trabeculae • dense cortical shaft example - hip replacement 13

new birmingham hip resurfacing improved ingrowth • anatomic situation • less resorption example - hip replacement 14

computer tomography of human femur patient specific medical treatment example - hip replacement 15

wound healing Murray [2003] • epidermal migration / spreading of existing cells • increase of mitotic activity of about 15 times in 1 mm wide zone @wound edge example - wound healing 16

wound healing Edwin Smith Surgical Papyrus [13 th Dynasty] „…thou shouldst bind it with fresh meet the first day, and thou shouldst treat afterword with grease and honey every day until he recovers…“ Breadsted [1930] example - wound healing

tension - single edge notched specimen example - wound healing

tension - single edge notched specimen increased cell activity @wound edge example - wound healing

tension - surface cut specimen increased cell activity @wound edge example - wound healing

tension - crack mouth opening displacement increased cell activity - wound healing & closure example - wound healing

bending - single edge notched specimen increased cell activity @wound edge example - wound healing

bending - surface cut specimen increased cell activity @wound edge example - wound healing

bending - crack mouth opening displacement increased cell activity - wound healing & closure example - wound healing

form follows function optimal load case II material distribution I structural design example - topology optimization 25

form follows function bicycle frames 1817 -2005 example - topology optimization 26

form follows function Armstrong [2005] design of bicycle frame Kuhl [2005] example - topology optimization 27