10 3 Constructions with se 1 REPASO You

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10. 3 Constructions with se 1 REPASO You already learned how to use reflexive

10. 3 Constructions with se 1 REPASO You already learned how to use reflexive pronouns. El se despierta. Nos despertamos. Ellos se visten. Me visto. Os vestís. Ella se baña. Nos bañamos. Te baña. Se duerme(n). Me duermo. Te duerme.

10. 3 Constructions with se 2 me baño nos bañamos te bañas os bañáis

10. 3 Constructions with se 2 me baño nos bañamos te bañas os bañáis se bañan me visto nos vestimos te vistes os vestís se visten

10. 3 Constructions with se 3 NUEVO Today, you will learn how to use

10. 3 Constructions with se 3 NUEVO Today, you will learn how to use “se” (3 rd person) … - as passive - as an impersonal expression - for unplanned events (and to distance oneself from responsibility) “Se” can also be used to form constructions in which the person performing the action is not expressed or cared about; or that is or needs to be de-emphasized.

10. 3 Constructions with se 4 Impersonal constructions with se In Spanish, verbs that

10. 3 Constructions with se 4 Impersonal constructions with se In Spanish, verbs that are not reflexive can be used with “se” to form impersonal constructions. These are statements in which the person performing the action is not important, expressed, defined, or cared about. Se escriben libros en esta clase. → In English, we use/say… 1) the passive voice or Books are written in this class. 2) indefinite subjects (you, they, one, people) are used. They/People/One/You/Ya write books in this class.

10. 3 Constructions with se 5 Impersonal constructions with se Se habla español en

10. 3 Constructions with se 5 Impersonal constructions with se Se habla español en Costa Rica. Spanish is spoken in Costa Rica. (People/One/They/You speak Spanish…) Se puede leer en la sala de espera. You can read in the waiting room. (People/One/They/You can read in…) Se hacen operaciones aquí. They perform operations here. (People/One/They/You perform oper…) Se necesitan medicinas enseguida. They need medicine right away. (People/One/They/You need medicine…)

10. 3 Constructions with se 6 ¡ATENCIÓN! Note that ONLY the third person form

10. 3 Constructions with se 6 ¡ATENCIÓN! Note that ONLY the third person form is used (ella, ellas) él/ella/Ud. FORM for singular nouns ellos/ellas/Uds. FORM for plural nouns: ¿Se vende el carro? Se vende ropa. ¿Se venden los carros? Se venden camisas.

10. 3 Constructions with se 7 Impersonal constructions with se You often see the

10. 3 Constructions with se 7 Impersonal constructions with se You often see the impersonal se in signs, advertisements, and directions. Se prohíbe nadar. Se necesitan programadores. Se entra por la izquierda. Se acepta hablar aquí.

10. 3 Constructions with se 8 ¡INTÉNTALO! Completa las frases de la columna A

10. 3 Constructions with se 8 ¡INTÉNTALO! Completa las frases de la columna A con se impersonal y los verbos correspondientes en presente. A 1. (enseñar) ______ cinco lenguas en esta universidad. 2. (comer) ______ muy bien en On the Border. 3. (vender) ______ muchas camisetas allí. 4. (servir) ______ platos exquisitos cada noche. 5. (necesitar) ______ mucho dinero. 6. (buscar) ______ secretaria. 1 of 2

10. 3 Constructions with se 9 Se for unplanned events Se is also used

10. 3 Constructions with se 9 Se for unplanned events Se is also used to form statements that describe accidental or unplanned events. In this construction, the person who performs the action is de-emphasized, so as to imply that the accident or unplanned event is not his or her direct responsibility. Now, we use all 6 ‘reflexive’ pronouns (me, te, se, nos, se) These statements are constructed using the following pattern.

10. 3 Constructions with se 10 Se for unplanned events se + OBJECT +

10. 3 Constructions with se 10 Se for unplanned events se + OBJECT + VERB + SUBJECT PRONOUN Se me cayó la pluma. In this type of construction, what would normally be the direct object of the sentence becomes the subject, and it agrees with the verb, not with the indirect object pronoun.

10. 3 Constructions with se 11 Se for unplanned events I. O. PRONOUN VERB

10. 3 Constructions with se 11 Se for unplanned events I. O. PRONOUN VERB SUBJECT me, te, le quedó cayó dañó la receta. la taza. la radio. Se nos, les rompieron olvidaron perdieron SINGULAR PLURAL las botellas. las pastillas. las llaves.

10. 3 Constructions with se 12 ¡ATENCIÓN! While Spanish has a verb for to

10. 3 Constructions with se 12 ¡ATENCIÓN! While Spanish has a verb for to fall (caer), there is no direct translation for to drop. Dejar caer (let fall) is often used to mean to drop. El médico dejó caer la aspirina. The doctor dropped the aspirin.

10. 3 Constructions with se 13 Verbs commonly used with se The following verbs

10. 3 Constructions with se 13 Verbs commonly used with se The following verbs are the ones most frequently used with se to describe unplanned events. caer to fall; to drop perder (e: ie) to lose dañar to damage; to break down quedar to be left behind olvidar to forget romper to break

10. 3 Constructions with se 14 Verbs commonly used with se Se me perdió

10. 3 Constructions with se 14 Verbs commonly used with se Se me perdió el teléfono de la farmacia. I lost the pharmacy’s phone number. Se nos olvidaron los pasajes. We forgot the tickets.

10. 3 Constructions with se 15 To clarify or emphasize who the person involved

10. 3 Constructions with se 15 To clarify or emphasize who the person involved in the action is, this construction commonly begins with the preposition a + [noun] or a + [prepositional pronoun]. Al paciente se le perdió la receta. The patient lost his prescription. A Diana se le olvidó ir al consultorio ayer. Diana forgot to go to the doctor’s office yesterday. A mí se me cayeron los cuadernos. I dropped the notebooks. A ustedes se les quedaron los libros en casa. You left the books at home.

10. 3 Constructions with se 16 ¡INTÉNTALO! Completa las frases de la columna B

10. 3 Constructions with se 16 ¡INTÉNTALO! Completa las frases de la columna B con se y los verbos en pretérito para expresar sucesos imprevistos. B 1. (I broke) ______ las gafas. 2. (You (fam. ) dropped) ______ las pastillas. 3. (They lost) ______ la receta. 4. (You (form. ) left) ______ aquí la radiografía. 5. (We forgot) ______ pagar la medicina. 6. (They left) ______ los antibióticos en la clínica. 2 of 2