1 The word mitigation has come to mean

1 The word "mitigation" has come to mean to A. Let nature heal itself B. Partially restore an ecosystem C. Restore or create an ecosystem in exchange for a similar, damaged one D. Move to a new environment when one has been damaged E. Use natural processes to treat sewage water Students type their answers here

2 ________ uses chemical, physical, or biological methods to remove pollution. A. B. C. D. E. Remediation Reclamation Mitigation Restoration Rehabilitation Students type their answers here

3 Restoration draws on which of the following fields of science the most? A. B. C. D. E. Ecology Hydrology Soil science Ecology and hydrology All of these are correct Students type their answers here

4 Which of the following is NOT a main component of restoration of any ecosystem? A. B. C. D. E. Replanting Monitoring Controlling invasive species Removing physical stressors Removal of indigenous peoples Students type their answers here

5 A pioneer in restoration ecology who planted as many as 6, 000 trees every year was A. B. C. D. E. Gifford Pinchot Theodore Roosevelt Eli Whitney Aldo Leopold John Wesley Powell Students type their answers here

In the United States, most reforestation projects result in 6 A. Huge amounts of biomass, which is then burned to produce energy B. Large old-growth forests C. Monoculture forests D. Small deciduous forests with a large variety of tree types E. None of these is correct Students type their answers here

7 The first nationwide restoration project in Africa is now taking place in A. B. C. D. E. Rwanda Uganda Kenya South Africa Nairobi Students type their answers here

8 All of the following are things that can be done toward ecological restoration except A. B. C. D. E. Pick up litter Replant native species Remove invasive species Grow a garden Burn unwanted vegetation Students type their answers here

9 One of the reasons that it is difficult to restore an oak savanna is that A. Too many weedy species take over the oak saplings B. There are no natural fires to control vegetation due to human development of the areas C. Too many trees are cut down illegally for their timber value D. Too many wild animals destroy the bark of the trees E. There is not enough suitable land remaining Students type their answers here

10 Protection of our forests depends on all of the following, except A. B. C. D. E. Allowing natural fires to burn Removal of dense undergrowth Using prescribed fires where necessary Cutting down the largest trees in fire-prone areas None of these is correct Students type their answers here

11 The majority of the mixed grass section of the Great Plains has been converted to A. B. C. D. E. Oak savanna Tallgrass prairie Crop lands Grazing lands Wetlands Students type their answers here

12 Wetlands are critical for wildlife survival because they A. B. C. D. E. Are highly productive and are sources of food Allow animals to cool off Contain few, but rare, species Provide vast amounts of habitat All of these are correct Students type their answers here

13 Creating a new wetland where one has been destroyed is referred to as A. B. C. D. E. wetland rehabilitation wetland restoration wetland mitigation wetland reclamation bioremediation Students type their answers here

14 Problems encountered in the Florida Everglades due to modification of the natural flow of water include A. Loss of 90 percent of wading bird populations in Everglades National Park B. Water shortages in many cities during the dry season C. Increased number of hurricanes D. Loss of 90 percent of wading bird populations in Everglades National Park and water shortages in many cities during the dry season E. All of these are correct Students type their answers here

15 Brandon noticed that next to a construction site of a new shopping mall there was a new man-made pond. This artificial wetland/pond was constructed to _____. A. collect polluted storm water run-off from the parking lot in order to prevent it from getting into the natural streams and rivers. B. flood control and nothing else C. to make a habitat for Canadian geese D. to make the shopping area look more visually appealing Students type their answers here

16 Stream restoration techniques include all of the following except A. B. C. D. banks E. Using small amounts of dynamite to unclog waterways Creating fish habitat Planting ground cover on uplands to reduce erosion Placing dams in streams to deflect current away from the Narrowing a stream to increase its speed

17 Bioremediation is a restoration strategy that A. brings in different species to see which ones will thrive best in a polluted area B. uses living organisms such as plants and bacteria to eliminate toxins from the ecosystem C. is a labor-intensive process where contaminated soil must be removed and replaced before plants and animals can grow D. determines that a contaminated site is healthy because one species can thrive on it Students type their answers here

18 Stabilizing banks is an important component of stream restoration. Which of the following is NOT a method of bank stabilization? A. B. C. D. E. Using mulch Using rocks Supporting with rock walls Supporting with tree trunks Adding soil so that the slope is at least 45 degrees

19 Radioactive materials have been successfully removed from the soil near the Chernobyl nuclear power plant using A. Sunflowers B. Poplar trees C. Expensive soil removal and extraction methods D. Mustard greens E. None of these as there is no way to remove radioactive materials safely from soil

20 Using intense physical or chemical methods to clear and repair severely degraded or barren sites is called _____. A. B. C. D. resurgence reclamation system reparation restoration Students type their answers here