1 The Social Context of Question Asking Example

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1. The Social Context of Question Asking 陳碩珮

1. The Social Context of Question Asking 陳碩珮

Example: Korean War ※Do you think the United States made a mistake in deciding

Example: Korean War ※Do you think the United States made a mistake in deciding to defend Korea, or not? (Gallup, January 1951)—美國參加韓戰是否是一個錯誤 ※ Do you think the United State was right or wrong in sending American troops to stop the Communist invasion of South Korea? (National Opinion research Center, January 1951)—你認為美國派軍阻止共產 主義入侵南韓對不對?

Example:Government Responsibility for Unemployment 但是也不一定改變措辭答案就一定會不一樣,如 下例說明 ※Do you think our government should or should

Example:Government Responsibility for Unemployment 但是也不一定改變措辭答案就一定會不一樣,如 下例說明 ※Do you think our government should or should not provide for all people who have no other means of subsistence? (Roper, June 1939) → Yes 69% ※Do you think it is the government’s responsibility to pay the living expenses of needy people who are out of work? (Gallup, January 1938) → Yes 69% ※措辭不同,但問句的意義相同,仍會得到相同 的答案

Questioning as a Social Process ※Survey interview 和Ordinary conversations 的不 同 1. it is

Questioning as a Social Process ※Survey interview 和Ordinary conversations 的不 同 1. it is a transaction between two people who are bound by special norms 2. interviewer offers no judgment of the respondents’ replies and must keep them in strict confidence 3. respondents have a equivalent obligation to answer each question truthfully and thoughtfully.

在態度的量測上的誤差(續) 4. arises from the deliberate over- or understating of income in order to

在態度的量測上的誤差(續) 4. arises from the deliberate over- or understating of income in order to make an impression on the interviewer—為了讓訪問者印象深刻,而將所 得有所超過或減少 5. from the respondents failure to understand the question in the way the researcher intended—受訪 者沒有了解到研究者所要知道的問題 6. simply be ignorant of some income received by other members of the family—可能很簡單的就 忽略家庭其他成員的所得