1 The Dynamic Rock Cycle The Earth Science

1 The Dynamic Rock Cycle © The Earth Science Education Unit Copyright is waived for use of this presentation within the laboratory or classroom

2 The Dynamic Rock Cycle © The Earth Science Education Unit Copyright is waived for use of this presentation within the laboratory or classroom

3 The Dynamic Rock Cycle Weathering – breaking up, or breaking down material at the Earth’s surface Gypsum, weathered by solution in rain water © The Earth Science Education Unit Copyright is waived for use of this presentation within the laboratory or classroom

4 The Dynamic Rock Cycle Weathering – breaking up, or breaking down material at the Earth’s surface Clints and grykes – carbonation-solution © The Earth Science Education Unit Copyright is waived for use of this presentation within the laboratory or classroom

5 The Dynamic Rock Cycle Weathering – breaking up, or breaking down material at the Earth’s surface Chemical action causes “spalling” © The Earth Science Education Unit Copyright is waived for use of this presentation within the laboratory or classroom

6 The Dynamic Rock Cycle © The Earth Science Education Unit Copyright is waived for use of this presentation within the laboratory or classroom

7 The Dynamic Rock Cycle Erosion A sandstone bump creates a blind summit © The Earth Science Education Unit Copyright is waived for use of this presentation within the laboratory or classroom

8 The Dynamic Rock Cycle © The Earth Science Education Unit Copyright is waived for use of this presentation within the laboratory or classroom

9 The Dynamic Rock Cycle The bed of a shallow stream. Which way is the current flowing? © The Earth Science Education Unit Copyright is waived for use of this presentation within the laboratory or classroom

10 The Dynamic Rock Cycle Deposition – investigating the movement of sand in water © The Earth Science Education Unit Copyright is waived for use of this presentation within the laboratory or classroom

11 Fossil Ripple Marks

12 The Dynamic Rock Cycle © The Earth Science Education Unit Copyright is waived for use of this presentation within the laboratory or classroom

Principle of Superposition 12_04 c. jpg 13

Principle of Original Horizontality 12_04 e. jpg 14

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18 The Dynamic Rock Cycle Cross-bedded sandstones in the Orkneys © The Earth Science Education Unit Copyright is waived for use of this presentation within the laboratory or classroom

19 The Dynamic Rock Cycle © The Earth Science Education Unit Copyright is waived for use of this presentation within the laboratory or classroom

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21 The Dynamic Rock Cycle Metamorphism - detecting the distortion A trilobite - as it lived (and died) • • A trilobite as found in the metamorphic slates of North Wales (photograph and drawing) By how much has the trilobite been distorted? - 1/2, 1/3, 1/4, 1/5? By how much have the surrounding rocks been distorted? By how much has North Wales been distorted? What might be big enough to cause this scale of distortion? © The Earth Science Education Unit Copyright is waived for use of this presentation within the laboratory or classroom

22 The Dynamic Rock Cycle Deformation – Break thrust, Lizard © The Earth Science Education Unit Copyright is waived for use of this presentation within the laboratory or classroom

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24 The Dynamic Rock Cycle Deformation – Normal fault, Orgreave opencast site © The Earth Science Education Unit Copyright is waived for use of this presentation within the laboratory or classroom

25 The Dynamic Rock Cycle © The Earth Science Education Unit Copyright is waived for use of this presentation within the laboratory or classroom

26 The Dynamic Rock Cycle Crystallisation (and melting) - Salol cooled slowly on a warm slide © The Earth Science Education Unit Copyright is waived for use of this presentation within the laboratory or classroom

27 The Dynamic Rock Cycle Crystallisation (and melting) - Salol cooled slowly on a cold slide © The Earth Science Education Unit Copyright is waived for use of this presentation within the laboratory or classroom

28 The Dynamic Rock Cycle ‘Lava’ in the laboratory: the treacle investigation • Which volcano was formed by runny lava? • Which volcano was formed by slow-flowing lava? • Which sort of eruption would you like to watch? From: ESTA, Science of the Earth 11 - 14, Magma - introducing igneous processes. Sheffield: Geo Supplies © The Earth Science Education Unit Copyright is waived for use of this presentation within the laboratory or classroom

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32 The Dynamic Rock Cycle © The Earth Science Education Unit Copyright is waived for use of this presentation within the laboratory or classroom

33 The Dynamic Rock Cycle © The Earth Science Education Unit Copyright is waived for use of this presentation within the laboratory or classroom