1 QQ 27 on ECG Lab Reading ECGs

1 QQ #27 on ECG Lab • Reading ECGs • Practice for hemorrhage diagram flow charting

Atrial fibrillation Ventricular fibrillation

Board Diagram of EPO Feedback Loop and Autotransfusion Tips for creating your Hemorrhage Diagram 1 st 15 minutes of class on Friday, November 30 th Test 3 on Monday, Dec 3 covers Cardiovascular and Respiratory

• Respiration is the overall movement of gases between the outside environment and the internal cells. • Ventilation is the movement of air in and out of the lungs. O 2 CO 2 • Ventilation should be matched to metabolism. p. H changes with Hypoventilation & Hyperventilation

Carbon Dioxide reacts with water! CO 2 + H 20 ↔ H 2 CO 3 ↔ H+ + HCO 3 Carbonic Acid Bicarbonate So disturbances in gas exchange or ventilation are often associated with disruptions of p. H changes with Hypoventilation & Hyperventilation

Gas Laws Dalton’s Law • Total pressure = sum of partial pressures • PATM = P N 2 + P O 2 + P CO 2 • 100% = 79% + 21% + <1% • P O 2 = 0. 21 x 760 mm. Hg = 160 • Partial pressure of Oxygen in atmosphere at sea level is 160 mm. Hg • Regardless of elevation, air is always 21% O 2. • N 2 is physiologically inert; ignore except for decompression sickness Henry’s Law • Gases dissolve in liquids in proportion to their partial pressure in the air in contact with that liquid air P O 2 =160 mm. Hg liquid P O 2 =160 mm. Hg

Why the difference in partial pressures in Air and Alveoli? Ventilation by Bulk Flow Gas exchange by Diffusion Where should the receptors be for the negative feedback loop for homeostasis? Gas exchange Gradient for CO 2 is only 6 mm. Hg; CO 2 is more soluble and permeable than O 2