1 Ministry of Education Secondary Engagement Programme September

1 Ministry of Education Secondary Engagement Programme September 2020 Grade 9 Agricultural Science Week 3 Lesson # 1 Topic: Cattle Production Subtopic: The Origin of Cattle

2 The origin of cattle The origin of domestic cattle has perplexed archaeologists for more than a century. Cattle rearing is very important all over the world because of the production and utilization of milk. Cattle also provides beef, skin, draught power an organic manure.

3 Breeds of Cattle All cattle belong to the genus, Bos, and the family Bovidae The two species (1) European type cattle- Bos Taurus (2) Zebu type cattle – Bos indicus

4 Differences between the two major species of cattle

5 Breed of Cattle Tropical breeds Zebu Jamaica Red Sahiwal Santa Gertrudis American Braham Jamaica Hope

6 Breed of Cattle Temperate breeds Holstein Fresian Guernsey Aberdeen Angus Jersey Ayrshire Charolais

7 Types of Cattle Milk or Dairy type -Triangular in shape, that is, narrow to the front and broader to the rear -The nostrils are wide, strong and well formed -The barrel is deep -The udder in large and the teats are well formed -There is a prominent milk vein underlying the belly -Usually docile • Dairy breeds: Ayrshire, Holstein Fresian, Jersey, Guernsey, Jamaica Hope, Brown Swiss and Sahiwal

8 Beef type cattle Rectangular or block shape Deep and fleshy hind quarters The milk yield is low, but the animal gains weight rapidly High killing out percentage • Beef breeds: Drought master, Jamaica Red, Santa Gertrudis, Aberdeen Angus, Charolais, American Braham, Hereford and Shorthorn. Dual Purpose: Can be used for both milk and meat Breeds: Milking Short Horn, Red Poll, Devon

9 Terms used to describe Cattle Calf-Young born to the female animal Cow- A female that has calved Bull- male which is used for breeding Heifer-A female that has not calved Steer- A male castrated before mating Stag- Male castrated late in life Yearling- Cattle between one to two years of age

10 Exercise Prepare a scrap book based on the breed and types of cattle

11 References Sahadeo Ragoonanan (2011) ‘Agriculture for CSEC Revision course’ New Edition, Caribbean Educational Publisher Ltd, Trinidad, WI Fitzroy Weever et al (2014) Agricultural Science for Secondary Schools in Guyana, Book 3, Ministry on Education NCERD, Georgetown, Guyana Sahadeo Ragoonanan (1991) CXC Agriculture- A Revision Course, Caribbean Educational Publisher Ltd, Trinidad, WI https: //youtu. be/9 ZGc-LJzlp 8 https: //youtu. be/n. Jb. V-1 c. DPi. M https: //youtu. be/1 Gr. Ey. I 9 zbx 8