1 Methods of Social Studies I Geography A

1. Methods of Social Studies

I. Geography A. INTRODUCTION GEOGRAPHYDEFINITION: THE STUDY OF PEOPLE, THEIR ENVIRONMENTS AND THEIR RESOURCES

B. TYPES OF MAPS 1) PHYSICAL MAP DEFINITIONILLUSTRATES THE PHYSICAL FEATURES OF AN AREA SUCH AS THE MOUNTAINS, RIVERS, LAKES, AND ELEVATION.

Physical Map

B. TYPES OF MAPS (Pg. 2) 2) ECONOMIC MAP DEFINITION- FEATURES THE TYPE OF NATURAL RESOURCES OR ECONOMIC ACTIVITY THAT DOMINATES AN AREA.

Economic Map

B. TYPES OF MAPS (Pg. 3) 3) POLITICAL MAP DEFINITION INDICATES STATE AND NATIONAL BOUNDARIES, NATIONAL CAPITALS AND MAJOR CITIES

Political Map

B. Types of Maps (Pg. 4) WHEN LOOKING AT A MAP, YOU SHOULD FOCUS ON TWO ITEMS 1) TITLE OF THE MAP 2) THE MAP KEY - DISPLAYS IMPORTANT INFORMATION REGARDING THE MAP

II. IMPORTANT CAREERS IN SOCIAL STUDIES 1) GEOGRAPHER DEFINITION- A SCIENTIST THAT DEALS WITH THE DESCRIPTION, DISTRIBUTION, AND INTERACTION OF THE DIVERSE PHYSICAL, BIOLOGICAL, AND CULTURAL FEATURES OF THE EARTH'S SURFACE (GEOGRAPHY) 2) CARTOGRAPHER DEFINITION- INVOLVED IN THE PRODUCTION OF MAPS, INCLUDING CONSTRUCTION OF PROJECTIONS, DESIGN, COMPILATION, DRAFTING, AND REPRODUCTION. (CARTOGRAPHY)

IMPORTANT CAREERS IN SOCIAL STUDIES (Pg. 2) 3) ECONOMISTDEFINITION - A SOCIAL SCIENTIST THAT DEALS WITH THE PRODUCTION, DISTRIBUTION, AND CONSUMPTION OF GOODS AND SERVICES (ECONOMICS) 4) ARCHEOLOGISTDEFINITION- THE SCIENTIFIC STUDY OF PAST HUMAN LIFE AND CULTURE BY THE EXAMINATION OF PHYSICAL REMAINS, SUCH AS GRAVES, TOOLS, AND POTTERY. (ARCHEOLOGY)

IMPORTANT CAREERS IN SOCIAL STUDIES (Pg. 3) 5) ANTHROPOLOGISTDEFINITION- A SCIENTIST THAT DEALS WITH THE ORIGINS, PHYSICAL AND CULTURAL DEVELOPMENT, BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS, AND SOCIAL CUSTOMS AND BELIEFS OF HUMANKIND (ANTHROPOLOGY

III. GEOGRAPHIC THEMES 1) LOCATION DEFINITION : EXACTLY WHERE A PLACE IS LOCATED IN THE WORLD A) LATITUDE LINES- MEASURE DISTANCE NORTH AND SOUTH OF THE EQUATOR= 0 DEGREES LATITUDE * LATITUDE LINES RUN ACROSS ON A MAP

III. GEOGRAPHIC THEMES ( Pg. 2) B) LONGITUDE LINES- MEASURE DISTANCE EAST AND WEST OF THE PRIME MERIDIAN = 0 DEGREES LONGITUDE * LONGITUDE LINES RUN UP/DOWN ON A MAP

III. GEOGRAPHIC THEMES (Pg. 3) 2) PLACE DEFINITION: PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF A SPECIFIC LOCATION PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICSLANDFORMS ON THE EARTH’S SURFACE EXAMPLES: MOUNTAINS, RIVERS, DESERTS, PLAINS

III. GEOGRAPHIC THEMES (Pg. 4) 3) INTERACTIONS BETWEEN PEOPLE AND THEIR ENVIRONMENTS DEFINITION : HOW PEOPLE HAVE BEEN AFFECTED BY THEIR ENVIRONMENT AND HOW HAVE THEY MODIFIED IT OR ADAPTED TO FIT THEIR NEEDS EXAMPLES: BUILDING DAMS, BRIDGES, CANALS, ROADS

III. GEOGRAPHIC THEMES (Pg. 5) 4) MOVEMENT DEFINITION: PEOPLE MOVING TO DIFFERENT LOCATIONS IN ORDER TO FULFILL THEIR BASIC NEEDS BETTER POSITIVES: SPREAD OF CULTURE, IDEAS AND TRADE NEGATIVES: SPREAD OF DISEASES 5) REGIONS DEFINITION: AREAS IN THE WORLD WITH SIMILAR FEATURES. EXAMPLE: MOUNTAINOUS REGIONS, DESERTS AND CLIMATES

IV) RESOURCES TO LOCATE INFORMATION 1) Primary Sources DEFINTION : RECORDS OR DOCUMENTS EVENTS AS SEEN OR EXPERIENCED DIRECTLY BY WITNESSES OR PERSONS INVOLVED IN THOSE EVENTS EXAMPLES : MEMOIRS, LETTERS, INTERVIEWS, AUTOBIOGRAPHIES, DIARIES

D) RESOURCES TO LOCATE INFORMATION ( Pg 2) 2) Secondary Sources DEFINITION : SOURCES THAT RECORD THE WORDS OF SOMEONE WHO DIDN'T ACTUALLY WITNESS OR PARTICIPATE IN AN EVENT, BUT RATHER INVESTIGATED THE PRIMARY SOURCES EXAMPLES: ENCYCLOPEDIA, JOURNAL ARTICLES, TEXTBOOKS, PERIODICALS

V) MAJOR THEMES IN GLOBAL HISTORY 1) CHANGE - REPRESENTS A NEW WAY OF DOING THINGS - NEW WAY OF THINKING 2) TURNING POINTS -A SEQUENCE OF EVENTS THAT BROUGHT ABOUT CHANGE 3) BELIEF SYSTEMS - RELIGIONS OR A WAY OF CONDUCTING ONE’S LIFE

E) MAJOR THEMES IN GLOBAL HISTORY (Pg. 2) 4) GEOGRAPHY - HOW THE NATURAL WORLD EFFECTS THE PEOPLE THAT LIVE THERE 5) ECONOMIC SYSTEMS -VARIOUS FORMS OF CONDUCTING BUSINESS 6) POLITICAL SYSTEMS -VARIOUS FORMS OF GOVERNMENT

E) MAJOR THEMES IN GLOBAL HISTORY (Pg. 3) 7) CULTURE AND INTELLECTUAL LIFE - THE WAY PEOPLE LIVE 8) NATIONALISM - PRIDE IN ONE’S COUNTRY OR CULTURE 9) IMPERIALISM - STRONGER CIVILIZATIONS/COUNTRY TAKES OVER A WEAKER CIVILIZATION/COUNTRY

E) MAJOR THEMES IN GLOBAL HISTORY (Pg. 4) 10) DIVERSITY AND INTERDEPENCE -HOW PEOPLE FROM DIFFERING CULTURES WORK TOGETHER 11) JUSTICE AND HUMAN RIGHTS -VARIOUS LAW CODES AND HOW HUMAN RIGHTS ARE VIOLATED 12) MOVEMENT OF PEOPLE AND GOODS - THE MIGRATION OF PEOPLE TO DIFFERENT PARTS OF THE WORLD

E) MAJOR THEMES IN GLOBAL HISTORY (Pg. 5) 13) SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY - ADVANCEMENTS IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY THROUGHOUT THE COURSE OF HISTORY 14) CONFLICT -VARIOUS WARS OR DISAGREEMENTS THAT HAVE HAPPENED 15) MODERN GLOBAL CONNECTION AND INTERACTIONS -HOW THE MODERN PROBLEMS/ISSUES HAS AFFECTED THE WORLD