1 Judaism calendar and feasts 2 Shabbat Sabbath

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Judaism calendar and feasts 2

Shabbat (Sabbath) • • • only holy day commanded begins with meal on Friday of rest (people & animals) -- no work prayer, study Torah video Shabbat: Stop, Rest, Enjoy https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=0 T 91 jt. M 0 M 8 c 3

lunar calendar • month = new moon (sliver visible) • lunar year = 336 days solar year = 365 days • prevent drift – 13 th month (Adar II) • 1 st month = Nisan but new year = Tishri (fiscal year) • names of months = Babylonian (prior to Exile – identified by number) 4

months of the year • • • 1 Nisan (March-April) 2 Iyar (April-May) 3 Sivan (May-June) 4 Tammuz (June-July) 5 Av (July-August) 6 Elul (August-September) • • 7 Tishri (September-October) 8 Cheshvan (October-November) 9 Kislev (November-December) 10 Tevet (December-January) 11 Shevat (January-February) 12 Adar (February-March) (13 Adar II) 5

major feasts/holy days • • Rosh ha’Shanah (1 -2 Tishri) New Year • Yom Kippur (10 Tishri) • Day of Atonement • Sukkot (15– 22 Tishri) • Festival of Booths/Tabernacles • Chanukah (25 Cheshvan-2 Kislev) • Dedication Purim (14 Adar) Festival of Lots Pesach (15– 22 Nisan) Passover Shavu’ot (6– 7 Sivan) Festival of Weeks Greek = Pentecost Tisha b’Av (9 Av) 6

High Holy Days • Rosh ha’Shanah (“head of the year”) 2 days, creation • videos: RH in 60 Seconds https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=VRp 0 vw 8 RBAw How to Celebrate RH https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=1 creh__yy. Ak Rosh Hashanah is Beautiful http: //www. aish. com/v/ho/What-Makes-Rosh-Hashanah-Beautiful. html 7

High Holy Days • Days of Awe (10): reconciliation, charity • Yom Kippur Day of At-one-ment “Sabbath of Sabbaths” Crash Course http: //www. aish. com/v/ho/Crash_Course_on_Yom_Kippur. html YK in 60 Seconds https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=X 0 Bew. Jf. Sw. NU 8

Sukkot* • harvest feast • Exodus: wilderness • sukkah (booth, tabernacle) • video: How to build a sukkah https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=_p 8 VAOE 4 LVQ • video: Why Now? http: //www. aish. com/v/ho/103030184. h tml 9

Chanukah (Hanukkah) • 8 days • 2 nd c. BCE (Selucids) Antiochus IV Epiphanes • video: Hanukkah Story https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=9 Emg 6 o. Swfhc • illegal to practice Judaism • Jerusalem Temple: Olympian Zeus • abomination of desolation 10

Chanukah: resistance, revolt, victory • priest Mattathias & sons – Judah, Simon, Eleazar, Johanan & Jonathan • Maccabees = hammers liberate Jerusalem • cleanse, purify and re-dedicate Temple to Yahweh • Chanukah = re-dedication • “miracle of the oil” – menorah, oily food • religious liberty freedom conscience 11

videos: Rock of Ages http: //www. aish. com/v/ho/Chanukah_Rock_of_Ages. html How to Play Dreidel https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=Ek. TLN 1 T 17 p 4 Stand Four (Maccabeats) https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=WAb. TDHblx. FM Burn (Maccabeats) https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=vbec 3 WSPanw Candlelight (Maccabeats) http: //www. aish. com/v/ho/Candlelight. html 12

Purim: Book of Esther • Purim Animated https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=UG 7 Uea. KE_dc • Persia: King Xerxes (a. k. a. Ahasuerus 5 th c. BCE) • Jewess named Esther becomes Queen • Mordecai hated by Haman • Haman’s plot – overthrow King Xerxes • Lots: 15 Adar (February/March) 13

Purim themes • heroism of Jews (E & M) • Jews refuse worship of local gods, yet reliable citizens • God’s continual care for His people • (God never mentioned ) • videos: Purim Song (Maccabeats) https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=kg. JIn. Vv. JSZg 14

Purim celebrations • Plays to re-enact story (gragger) • dress in costumes (feast of fools) • candy, sweets (Hamantashen) • parades • burn Haman in effigy 15

Pesach* (Passover) • • 7 days harvest/Exodus blood of lamb unleavened bread (bread of affliction) • seder meal (handout) • liberation, freedom 16

Passover Video Crash Course: Passover http: //www. aish. com/v/ho/Crash_Course_on_Passover. html Passover in 60 Seconds https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=ASk. Mk. QFAblk Passover Rhapsody https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=BRWNrk 7 Fx. G 4 How to Host a Passover Seder https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=WQl. Df. UEpk 10 Passover: Les Miserables (Maccabeats) https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=qmth. Kpn. THYQ Passover Funk 17

Shavu’ot* • literally "weeks“ • 7 weeks after Pesach (Greek = Pentecost = 50 days) • celebrates Moses reception of Torah on Mount Sinai • flowers & dairy products (desert blooms/Torah = milk) • video: Crash Course http: //www. aish. com/v/ho/Crash_Course_in_Shavuot. html 18

Tisha b’Av • 9 th of Av • Destruction of Temple • 586 BCE (Babylon) Solomon’s Temple • 70 CE (Rome) Herod’s Temple • video: Crash Course http: //www. aish. com/v/ho/Crash_Course_on_Tisha_BAv. html 19

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pilgrimage feasts • then (before 70 AD): Temple in Jerusalem now: home & synagogue • Sukkot (tabernacles/booths) 1 st harvest • Pesach (Passover/unleavened bread) • Shavu’ot (weeks/Pentecost) 2 nd harvest 23

death and burial • Jewish Burial Customs (sitting shiva) handout • video: Jewish Guide to Shiva Practices https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=Dk. Kqo. UYo. XTg 24

Thank You!! 25