1 Introduction to Vehicle Extrication 1 Knowledge Objectives

1 Introduction to Vehicle Extrication

1 Knowledge Objectives (1 of 3) • Define the term extrication as it applies to vehicle and machinery rescue. • Define the term disentanglement as it applies to vehicle and machinery rescue. • List the major technical rescue specialties. • Describe the standards that affect the rescue community.

1 Knowledge Objectives (2 of 3) • Describe Level I and Level II Technical Rescuer general job performance requirements for performing technical rescue operations as outlined in NFPA 1006. • Identify the three competency levels for safety and effectively conducting operations at technical rescue incidents as outlined in NFPA 1670.

1 Knowledge Objectives (3 of 3) • Identify the training requirements for each of the three competency levels as outlined in NFPA 1670.

1 Introduction (1 of 4) • 6 million motor vehicle collisions occur in the United States each year. • Vehicle extrication training should be a priority. • Many organizations turn to NFPA or OSHA. • Should be continual © Rob Vomund/Dreamstime. com

1 Introduction (2 of 4) • Technical rescuer – performs or directs a technical rescue • Technical rescue – application of knowledge, skills, and equipment to safely resolve unique and/or complex rescue situations.

1 Introduction (3 of 4) • Extrication – removing a trapped victim from a vehicle of machinery • Disentanglement – the spreading, cutting, or removal of a vehicle and/or machinery from trapped or injured victims

1 Introduction (4 of 4) • Vehicle extrication is a step by step technical process – Stabilization of scene, vehicle, and patient Courtesy of Mike Jachles, Broward Sheriffs Office

1 Levels of Training (1 of 15) • Standards provide guidance on the performance of processes, products, individuals, or organizations. – Compliance is considered voluntary • Exception: standards formally adopted by an organization or agency

1 Levels of Training (2 of 15) • NFPA 1006 – Establishes minimum job performance requirements (JPRs) for personnel who perform technical rescue operations. – Contains core set of common requirements. – Site operations – Victim management – Maintenance of equipment – Basic rope and rigging techniques

1 Levels of Training (3 of 15) • Beyond core set of requirements, each discipline has its own set of knowledge and skills. – Technical rescuers are identified by: • Specialty area • Level of qualification

1 Levels of Training (4 of 15) • Level I Technical Rescuer – Applies limited techniques – Skills apply to: • Common passenger vehicles • Simple small machinery • Environments where rescuer intervention does not constitute high level of risked

1 Levels of Training (5 of 15) • Level I Technical Rescuer (cont’d) – Common passenger vehicles are light or medium duty passenger and commercial vehicles. • Commercial vehicles transport passengers or goods. – Small machinery is easily disassembled or constructed of lightweight materials

1 Levels of Training (6 of 15) • Level II Technical Rescuer – Applies advanced techniques – Skills apply to incidents involving: • • • Commercial or heavy vehicles Complex extrication processes Multiple uncommon concurrent hazards Heavy machinery More than digital entrapment

1 Levels of Training (7 of 15) • Level II Technical Rescuer (cont’d) – Heavy vehicles are heavy duty, off road, construction, or mass transit vehicles. • Resistant to common extrication procedures • Pose multiple concurrent hazards to rescuers

1 Levels of Training (8 of 15) • Authority having jurisdiction (AHJ) establishes entrance requirements for technical rescuers. – Age – Medical – Physical fitness – Emergency medical care performance capabilities – Educational – Hazardous materials training

1 Levels of Training (9 of 15) • NPFA 1670 – Identifies and qualifies functional capabilities for safety and effective operation. – Includes core common requirements. – Each specialty includes three response levels.

1 Levels of Training (10 of 15) • Awareness Level – Minimum capability of organizations that respond to technical search and rescue incidents. – Stresses basic components in vehicle extrica tion rather than the actual application of them.

1 Levels of Training (11 of 15) • Operations Level – Capability of organizations to: • • Respond to technical search and rescue incidents Recognize and identify hazards Use equipment Apply and implement limited techniques to support and participate in search and rescue incidents involving persons injured or entrapped in a vehicle or a small machine

1 Levels of Training (12 of 15) • Operations Level (cont’d) – Intermediate skills – Covers components to operate safely and efficiently on the most common passenger vehicle and machinery accident scenarios

1 Levels of Training (13 of 15) • Technician Level – Capability of organizations to: • • Respond to technical search and rescue incidents Recognize and identify hazards Use equipment Apply advanced techniques to coordinate, perform, and supervise technical search and rescue incidents

1 Levels of Training (14 of 15) • Technician Level (cont’d) – Outlines how to manage incidents involving: • Larger commercial vehicles • Large tow units that use winching, mechanical advantage, and other pulley systems

1 Levels of Training (15 of 15) • If an agency does not meet any of the levels, the AHJ needs to: – Reevaluate response protocols – Train personnel – Call for mutual aid • All emergency services should adopt standard operating procedures (SOPs) for vehicle extrication.

1 Vehicle Extrication Resources (1 of 2) • The Internet • Extrication training or extrication competitions

1 Vehicle Extrication Resources (2 of 2) • “See it! Learn it! Master it! Teach it!”

1 Summary (1 of 2) • Extrication is a step by step process that requires continuous training. • There are many major technical rescue specialties. • Training should be conducted by a qualified instructor following NPFA 1006 and NPFA 1670.

1 Summary (2 of 2) • NFPA 1006 outlines Level I and Level II rescue skills. • NFPA 1670 outlines three operational levels – awareness, operations, and technician. • Each agency should, at a minimum, be trained to the awareness level.