1 INTEGRATED CHILD DEVELOPMENT SERVICES ICDS Dr Navya
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INTEGRATED CHILD DEVELOPMENT SERVICES- ICDS Dr Navya N Assistant Professor Department of Community Medicine Yenepoya Medical College 2
Specific Learning Objectives Should be able to mention and explain : • The objectives of ICDS • The beneficiaries of ICDS • The services provided by ICDS 3
FRAMEWORK • INTRODUCTION • OBJECTIVES • BENEFICIARIES • SERVICES PROVIDED • SUMMARY 4
INTRODUCTION • ICDS- Integrated Child Development Services • Most important scheme- field of child welfare • Government of India – 1975 • One of the largest child care programmes in the world • Aims at - child health, - hunger, - malnutrition and its related issues. 5
INTRODUCTION Population Norms : v Rural/ Urban Areas • 1 Anganwadi centre (AWC) – 400 -800 population • 2 AWCs – 800 -1600 population • 3 AWCs – 1600 -2400 population v Tribal / other difficult areas • 1 AWC – 300 - 800 population • 1 Mini AWC – 150 -300 population 6
OBJECTIVES • Improve nutritional and health status of children - age group 0 -6 years • Lay foundation - proper psychological, - physical - social development of the child • To reduce – mortality - morbidity - malnutrition - school dropout. 7
OBJECTIVES • Achieve -effective coordination of policy and implementation among the various departments • Enhance the capability of the mother to look after the nutritional needs of the child - proper nutrition health education 8
SERVICES PROVIDED 1. Supplementary Nutrition 2. Immunization 3. Health check up 4. Referral Services 5. Nutrition and Health Education 6. Non formal – children upto 6 yrs and pregnant and nursing mothers – rural, urban, slums and tribal areas. 9
BENEFICIARIES • Pregnant Women • Nursing Mothers • Children : < 3 years of Age • Children in the age group 3 -6 years • Adolescent girls: 11 - 18 years • Other women: 15 - 45 years 10
DELIVERY OF SERVICES I Supplementary Nutrition : • Children < 6 years • Expectant mothers • Nursing mothers • Adolscent girls 11
Supplementary Nutrition Includes : • Supplementary feeding • Growth monitoring • Prophylaxis against vitamin A deficiency • Control of nutritional anaemia 12
Supplementary Nutrition AIM : • Each child ( 6 - 72 months of age ) – 500 calories, 12 -15 grams of protein. • Severely malnourished child ( 6 - 72 months of age ) – 800 calories, 20 – 25 grams of protein. • Pregnant and nursing woman – 600 calories, 18 -20 grams of protein 13
Supplementary Nutrition Feeding norms : • More than 1 meal – children attending AWC’s Includes : Morning snack Hot cooked meal • Children below 3 years • Pregnant women • Lactating mothers take home ration/ food in the anganwadi 14
Supplementary Nutrition • 300 days in a year • Children – weighed every month • 1 st degree malnutrition : nutrition and health education to mothers of children • 2 nd and 3 rd degree malnutrition : Supplementary nutrition ( Therapeutic food) • 4 th degree of malnutrition : hospitalization 15
DELIVERY OF SERVICES II Immunization : • Children – Immunization against vaccine preventable diseases • Pregnant mothers – Immunization against tetanus 16
DELIVERY OF SERVICES III Nutrition And Health Education : o Expectant mothers o Nursing mothers o Women in the age group 15 - 45 years § Imparted by Anganwadi workers – home visits 17
DELIVERY OF SERVICES IV Health Checkup : 1. Antenatal checkups 2. Postnatal care and newborn care 3. Care of children under 6 years of age Antenatal care : a) Immunization + iron and folic acid + protein supplements b) Minimum- 3 physical examinations c) High risk mothers – referred for special care 18
IV Health Checkup Children under 6 years of age: 1. Record height and weight – periodic intervals 2. Watch over milestones 3. Immunization 4. Checkup – every 3 -6 months- detect disease, malnutrition etc 19
IV Health Checkup 5. Treatment – diarrhoea, dysentry, respiratory tract infections 6. Deworming 7. Prophylaxis against vitamin A deficiency , anaemia 8. Serious cases – Referral • Health records maintained • Card – health record of child - mother 20
DELIVERY OF SERVICES V Non formal pre school education : • Children – 3 -6 years of age attending Anganwadi 1. Desirable attitude 2. Values 3. Behaviour patterns • Locally produced inexpensive toys and material 21
DELIVERY OF SERVICES VI Referral Services : • Sick or malnourished children- in need of prompt medical attention • Referred - Primary Health Centre or its sub-centre. • Anganwadi worker - oriented to detect disabilities -young children. • She enlists all such cases - Special register Refers - to medical officer 22
SCHEMES FOR ADOLESCENT GIRLS • Kishori Shakthi Yojana • Nutrition Programme for Adolescent Girls 23
Kishori Shakthi Yojana • Implemented using infrastructure of ICDS • Targets – adolescent girls in the age group of 11 - 18 years • Addresses needs of – self development nutritional status health status Literacy vocational skills 24
Nutrition Programme for Adolescent Girls • Approved - year 2009 -10 • Implemented – 51 districts • Target group – undernourished adolescent girls • Body weight - < 30 kgs ( 11 - 15 years ) < 35 kgs ( 15 - 19 years ) • 6 kg free foodgrain – per month 25
Other Schemes Under ICDS • Rajiv Gandhi Scheme for Empowerment of Adolscent Girls – “SABLA”- improve nutritional and health status • Indira Gandhi Matritva Sahyog Yojana ( IGMSY)conditional cash transfer 26
ADMINISTRATION Administrative unit : • Rural areas – community development block • Tribal areas and slums – tribal development block • Focal point of delivery of ICDS services- Anganwadi worker 27
ADMINISTRATION • Child development officer (CDPO) • 4 supervisors ( Mukhya Sevika) • 100 Anganwadi workers 28
ADMINISTRATION • Supervisor – responsible – 20 -25 anganwadis - mentor to AWWs - assists in record keeping, visits of health personnel and organizing community visits - on the job training – AWWs 29
ADMINISTRATION • AWW- direct link – children and mother - Assists CDPO- survey – communities and beneficiaries - organizes non formal education - health and nutrition education – mothers - assists PHC staff – providing health services - maintains record – immunization, feeding and preschool attendance - liases with block administrator, local school, health staff and community - works – other community based services (eg: family planning) 30
IMPACT OF PROGRAMME • Increased birth weight • Reduced incidence of malnutrition • Increased immunization coverage • Reduced infant and child mortality rate – areas covered – ICDS 31
SUMMARY • ICDS initiated – 1975 • Aims at - child health, hunger, malnutrition and its related issues. • Mainly targets women and children below 6 years of age. • Services Provided : Supplementary Nutrition, Immunization, Nutrition and Health Education, Health check up, Non formal pre school Education , Referral Services. 32
FURTHER READING • Integrated child development Scheme. Ministry OF Women And Child Development. http: //wcd. nic. in/icds. aspx 33
QUICK RECALL 1. Two broad categories of Beneficiaries are ____and _____ 2. Supplementary food given to children below 3 years of age and expectant/ nursing mothers called _____ 3. Severely malnourished children are provided with ___ calories and _____ grams of protein 4. Two schemes for adolescents provided under ICDS are ____ and _____ 34
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