1 A certain light bulb has a tungsten

1 - A certain light bulb has a tungsten filament with a resistance of 19. 0 Ω when cold and 140 Ω when hot. Assume that the resistivity of tungsten varies linearly with temperature even over the large temperature range involved here, and find the temperature of the hot filament. Assume the initial temperature is 20. 0°C. 11/24/2020 T- Norah Ali Al- moneef king Saud university 2

2 - Aluminum and copper wires of equal length are found to have the same resistance. What is the ratio of their radii?

3 -If the magnitude of the drift velocity of free electrons in a copper wire is 7. 84 x 10 -4 m/s, what is the electric field in the conductor? (for copper n = 8. 49 × 10 28 electron/m 3 ρ = 1. 7 × 10− 8 Ω⋅m 11/24/2020 T- Norah Ali Al- moneef king Saud university 4

4 - A 0. 900 V potential difference is maintained across a 1. 50 m length of tungsten wire that has a cross-sectional area of 0. 600 mm 2. What is the current in the wire?

5 - A certain toaster has a heating element made of Nichrome resistance wire. When the toaster is first connected to a 120 -V source of potential difference (and the wire is at a temperature of 20. 0°C), the initial cur-rent is 1. 80 A. However, the current begins to decrease as the resistive element warms up. When the toaster has reached its final operating temperature, the current has dropped to 1. 53 A. (a) Find the power the toaster consumes when it is at its operating temperature. (b) What is the final temperature of the heating element?

6 - A high-voltage transmission line with a diameter of 2. 00 cm and a length of 200 km carries a steady current of 1000 A. If the conductor is copper wire with a free charge density of 8. 00 x 10 28 electrons/m 3 how long does it take one electron to travel the full length of the cable? Begin by finding the drift velocity of the electrons. vd = I / nq. A = (1000 A)/(8. 5× 1028 e/m³)(1. 6× 1019 C/e)π(0. 020 m)² = 5. 85× 10 -5 m/s Now determine how long it will take to travel 200 km at this speed. Use 1 year = 3. 1× 107 s. t = l / vd = (2. 0× 105 m) / (5. 85× 10 -5 m/s) = 0. 34× 1010 s/(3. 1× 107 s/year) = 110 years 11/24/2020 T- Norah Ali Al- moneef king Saud university 7

7 - A toaster is rated at 600 W when connected to a 120 V source. What current does the toaster carry, and what isits resistance? 8 - If the current carried by a conductor is doubled, what happens to the (a) charge carrier density? (b)current density? (c) electron drift velocity? A- same B- double C- double 11/24/2020 T- Norah Ali Al- moneef king Saud university 8

11 - Two wires, A and B, are made of the same metal and have equal length, but 1) d. A = 4 d. B 2) d. A = 2 d. B the resistance of wire A is four times the 3) d. A = d. B resistance of wire B. How do their 4) d. A = 1/2 d. B diameters compare? 5) d. A = 1/4 d. B d. A = 1/2 d. B 12 -Two lightbulbs operate at 120 1) the 25 W bulb 2) the 100 W bulb V, but one has a power rating of 3) both have the same 25 W while the other has a 4) this has nothing to do with power rating of 100 W. Which resistance one has the greater resistance? T- Norah Ali Al- moneef 11/24/2020 9 king Saud university

A) Ohm’s law is obeyed since the current still 9 - You double the voltage increases when V increases across a certain conductor B) Ohm’s law is not obeyed and you observe the current C) this has nothing to do with Ohm’s law increases three times. What can you conclude? Ohm’s law, V = IR, states that the relationship between voltage and current is linear. Thus, for a conductor that obeys Ohm’s law, the current must double when you double the voltage.

10 - Two wires, A and B, are made of A) d. A = 4 d. B the same metal and have equal length, B) d. A = 2 d. B but the resistance of wire A is four C) d. A = d. B times the resistance of wire B. How do their diameters compare? D) d. A = 1/2 d. B E) d. A = 1/4 d. B The resistance of wire A is greater because its area is less than wire B. Since area is less area is related to radius (or diameter) squared, the diameter of A must be area radius squared two times less than the diameter of B

11 - A wire of resistance R is stretched uniformly (keeping its volume constant) until it is twice its original length. What happens to the resistance? A) it decreases by a factor of 4 B) it decreases by a factor of 2 C) it stays the same D) it increases by a factor of 2 E) it increases by a factor of 4 Keeping the volume (= area x length) constant means that if the length is doubled, the area is halved. doubled halved This increases the resistance by a factor of 4.

12 -Two lightbulbs operate at 120 V, but one has a power rating of 25 W while the other has a power rating of 100 W. Which one has the greater resistance? 1) the 25 W bulb 2) the 100 W bulb 3) both have the same 4) this has nothing to do with resistance Since P = V 2 / R , the bulb with the lower power rating has to have the higher resistance. rating higher resistance