1 2 1 Draw a generalized prokaryotic cell

1. 2. 1 Draw a generalized prokaryotic cell as seen in electron micrographs.

1. 3. 1 Draw a diagram to show the ultrastructure of a generalized animal cell as seen in electron micrographs

1. 4. 1 Draw a diagram to show the fluid mosaic model of a biological membrane Note: include and label using these names -phospholipid bilayer (point out hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tail) -cholesterol -glycoproteins -integral proteins -peripheral proteins Make sure to use term plasma membrane, not cell surface membrane

2. 2. 2 Draw the basic structure of a generalized amino acid no details about the R group are needed

Glucose Ribose 2. 2. 3 Draw the ring structure of glucose and ribose

O CH 3 ------(CH 2)n----C Generalized fatty acid OH 2. 2. 4 Draw the structure of glycerol and a generalized fatty acid *don’t forget the “n” after the (CH 2) in the generalized fatty acid (n means, could be any number of that part of the molecule)

A generalized dipeptide 2. 2. 4 Draw the structure of a generalized dipeptide, showing the peptide linkage

Key to this picture: 1. hydrogen bonds in PINK 2. Bases in green and purple 3. Sugar phosphate backbone in black Phosphates in yellow 2. 4. 5 Draw a simple diagram of the molecular structure of DNA -show complementary C: G and A: T pairs -identify hydrogen bonds (hold bases together) -number of H-bonds between complementary bases not required -details of base structure not required Your diagram can be simple, just remember that A and G are double rings; C and T are single rings. Sugar phosphate backbone goes on outside of “ladder” Bases are the “rungs of the ladder” hydrogen bonds between bases are in very center

4. 1. 14 Draw the carbon cycle to show the processes involved. Be sure to include: -photosynthesis Point is to show -respiration interaction of -fossilization living organisms (you could substitute the and the biosphere word “fossilization” for through processes “calcareous sediments” above of photosynthesis, -combustion (burning of fossil respiration, fuels) fossilization & combustion

* 4. 2. 2 Draw a graph showing the sigmoid (S-shaped) population growth curve *you could use “organisms” or “population size” for the Y axis as well. *S shape demonstrates that the population starts slow, rises exponentially, then plateaus at the carrying capacity of the environment

Topic 5. 1. 4 Draw a diagram of the digestive system Be sure to include -mouth -liver -esophagus -pancreas -stomach -gall bladder -small intestine (I have blanked out the -large intestine items you don’t need that were in this figure) -anus

5. 2. 1 Draw a diagram of the heart showing all four chambers, associated blood vessels, and valves Include -all blood vessels connected directly to the heart -relative wall thickness of chambers See also: Study guide handouts Page 48 (Page title is “The Blood System” (given out during unit)

5. 5. 4 Draw a diagram of the ventilation system including trachea, bronchioles, and lungs See also study guide handout (given during unit) page 51, titled “Gas Exchange”

Male Female 5. 7. 1 Draw diagrams of the adult male and female reproductive systems see handouts page 54 titled “Reproductive Systems” given during unit

7. 1. 3 Draw the structure of a mitochondrion as seen in electron micrographs

chloroplast envelope be sure to include -thylakoid membranes -granum -inner membrane -outer membrane -starch grain -stroma containing 70 s ribosomes (dots) -naked dna (dots or small circles) -lipid droplet (large dot in stroma) 7. 2. 1 Draw the structure of a chloroplast as seen in electron micrographs

7. 2. 7 Draw the action spectrum of photosynthesis

9. 1. 1 Draw the structure of testis tissue as seen using a light microscope (draw one seminiferous tubule in transverse section with adjacent interstitial cells. show outer basement membrane, spermatogonia, developing spermatozoa, and sertoli (nurse) cells interstitial cells spermatogonium primary spermatocyte immature spermatids secondary spermatocyte mature spermatids

9. 1. 4 Draw the structure of the ovary as seen using a light microscope -show primary oocytes (primordial follicles) -secondary oocyte in prophase II (preovulatory follicle) -corpus luteum -show also a follicle with egg being released

Acrosome layer of follicle cells centrioles layer of follicle cells first polar cell haploid nucleus cortical granules zona pellucida cytoplasm (yolk) 9. 1. 6 Draw the structure of a mature sperm and egg. See also handout p 92 titled “Gametes”

motor end plate 11. 1. 2 Draw the structure of a motor neuron include: dendrites, cell body with nucleus, elongated axon, myelin sheath, nodes of Ranvier, motor end plates

11. 2. 3 Draw a diagram of the human elbow joint Be sure to include -cartilage -synovial fluid ( around joint) -tendons -ligaments -bones (ulna) -biceps -triceps Be able to identify the antagonistic muscle pair (biceps & triceps) See also study guide handout p 102 “Muscles,

11. 2. 5 Draw the structure of skeletal muscle fibers as seen in electron micrographs include & label -sarcomere -dark bands -light bands -sarcoplasm -endoplasmic reticulum -mitochondria

renal pelvis 12. 2. 1 Draw the structure of the kidney Include -cortex -medulla -renal pelvis -ureter -renal blood vessels

Nephron 12. 2. 2 Draw the structure of a glomerulus and associated nephron

13. 1. 2 Draw a diagram to show the external parts of a named dicotyledonous plant include -root, stem, leaf, axillary bud, terminal bud

13. 1. 3 Draw plan diagrams to show the distribution of tissues in stem, root, and leaf of a generalized dicotyledonous plant. (distribution of tissues, no LEAF cellular structure) vascular bundle stoma STEM vascular cambium cortex pith red=xylem blue=phloem epidermis ROOT

petal anther style filament sepal ovary 13. 3. 1 Draw the structure of a dicotyledonous animal-pollinated flower, as seen with the naked eye and hand lens limit diagram to sepal, petal, anther, filament, stigma, style, and ovary

testa EXTERNAL INTERNAL 13. 3. 4 Draw the external and internal structure of a named dicotyledonous seed. (non-endospermic) Include: -testa -micropyle -embryo root (radicle) -embryo shoot (plumule) -cotyledons

G. 4. 5 Draw a diagram of a nitrogen cycle include the processes of -nitrogen fixation -denitrification -feeding -excretion -root absorption -decay (ammonification)

posterior pituitary H. 1. 4 Draw a diagram of the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland include: portal vein, neurosecretory cells, hypothalamus, anterior pituitary, posterior pituitary

ducts secretory cells acinus acini H. 2. 2 Draw the structural features of exocrine glands including secretory cells grouped into acini and ducts

FYI: light microscope section lumen villi mucosa circular muscle layer longitudinal muscle layer transverse section drawing H. 3. 1 Draw a portion of the ileum (in transverse section as seen under a light microscope) Include mucosa, outer longitudinal muscle layer, inner circular muscle layer, mucosa, and villi.