1 1 Kinesiology for Manual Therapies Chapter 1

1 -1 Kinesiology for Manual Therapies Chapter 1 Foundations of Structural Kinesiology Mc. Graw-Hill © 2011 by The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

1 -2 Learning Outcomes 1 -1 Define structural kinesiology and functional anatomy. ¡ 1 -2 Review the terminology used to describe body-part locations, reference positions, and anatomical directions. ¡ 1 -3 Recognize the planes of motion and their respective axes of rotation in relation to human movement. ¡ Mc. Graw-Hill © 2011 by The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

1 -3 Learning Outcomes 1 -4 Identify the various types of bones and joints in the human body and their characteristics. ¡ 1 -5 Describe and demonstrate the joint movements. ¡

1 -4 Introduction ¡ Kinesiology – the science of muscle movement ¡ Structural kinesiology – the study of muscles, bones, and joints as they are involved in the science of movement ¡ Functional anatomy – functional actions of muscles Mc. Graw-Hill © 2011 by The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

1 -5 Reference Positions Anatomical Position Mc. Graw-Hill © 2011 by The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

1 -6 Anatomical Directional Terminology Mc. Graw-Hill © 2011 by The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

1 -7 Body Regions Axial region ¡ Appendicular region ¡ Cephalic, cervical, trunk, upper, and lower extremities ¡ Mc. Graw-Hill © 2011 by The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

1 -8 Planes of Motion Anatomical Planes of Reference Mc. Graw-Hill © 2011 by The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

1 -9 Axes of Rotation Mc. Graw-Hill © 2011 by The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

1 -10 Skeletal System Mc. Graw-Hill © 2011 by The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

1 -11 Skeletal Functions Protects vital soft tissue ¡ Supports to maintain posture ¡ Facilitates movement ¡ Stores minerals ¡ Enables hemopoiesis ¡ Mc. Graw-Hill © 2011 by The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

1 -12 Types of Joints ¡ Synarthrodial (immovable joints) l Suture l Syndesmosis l Gomphosis Mc. Graw-Hill © 2011 by The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

1 -13 Types of Joints (cont. ) ¡ Amphiarthrodial l Symphysis l Synchondrosis Mc. Graw-Hill © 2011 by The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

1 -14 Types of Joints (cont. ) ¡ Diarthrodial Joints Arthrodial – gliding l Condyloid – biaxial ball-and-socket l Enarthrodial – ball-and-socket l Ginglymus – hinge l Sellar – saddle l Trochoid – pivot l Mc. Graw-Hill © 2011 by The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

1 -15 Types of Joints (cont. ) Mc. Graw-Hill © 2011 by The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

1 -16 Movements in Joints ¡ Abduction ¡ Adduction ¡ Flexion ¡ Extension ¡ Circumduction ¡ External Rotation ¡ Internal Rotation Mc. Graw-Hill © 2011 by The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

1 -17 Terms Describing Ankle and Foot Movements ¡ Eversion ¡ Inversion ¡ Dorsiflexion ¡ Plantarflexion ¡ Pronation ¡ Supination Mc. Graw-Hill © 2011 by The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

1 -18 Terms Describing Radioulnar Joint Movements ¡ Pronation ¡ Supination Mc. Graw-Hill © 2011 by The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

1 -19 Terms Describing Shoulder Girdle Movements ¡ Elevation ¡ Depression ¡ Rotation Upward ¡ Rotation Downward ¡ Protraction (Abduction) ¡ Retraction (Adduction) Mc. Graw-Hill © 2011 by The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

1 -20 Terms Describing Shoulder Joint Movements ¡ Horizontal Abduction ¡ Horizontal Adduction Mc. Graw-Hill © 2011 by The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

1 -21 Terms Describing Spine Movements ¡ Lateral Flexion – Side Bending ¡ Extension – Reduction ¡ Rotation Mc. Graw-Hill © 2011 by The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

1 -22 Terms Describing Wrist and Hand Movements ¡ Dorsal Flexion – Extension ¡ Palmar Flexion ¡ Radial Flexion ¡ Ulnar Flexion ¡ Opposition of the Thumb ¡ Reposition of the Thumb Mc. Graw-Hill © 2011 by The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

1 -23 Chapter Summary ¡ ¡ Mc. Graw-Hill Reference positions, anatomical directional terminology, body regions, planes of motion, and axes of rotation will assist the student to have a foundation for the kinesiology of movement. The skeletal system, types of joints, and basic movements provide a foundation for building the knowledge of each muscle, location, origin, insertion, and actions. © 2011 by The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

1 -24 Chapter Review ¡ The Chapter Review is divided into true and false, short answers, and multiple choice questions. ¡ The questions are designed for the students to test their knowledge. Mc. Graw-Hill © 2011 by The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

1 -25 Explore and Practice ¡ Students should utilize the charts at the end of the chapter to practice relationships of movement, the joints, and the planes of motion. Mc. Graw-Hill © 2011 by The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved