01 Some people claim that removing the claws

지칭 대상 추론하기 01 Some people claim (주장하다) that removing the claws of cats / does no real harm to them, but for reasons of their own, they are denying obvious facts.

지칭 대상 추론하기 01 Cats remove their old skin and dry hair by scratching themselves with their claws. If deprived of their claws, ~을 빼앗긴다면 ①they can’t groom themselves properly. ( cats )

지칭 대상 추론하기 01 Cats also use their claws to jump from place to place. (A에서 B로) Their claws function as landing gear, v, n so ②they help cats keep their balance. (Their claws)

지칭 대상 추론하기 01 Worst of all, all if cats leave their home with no claws, ③they could soon die of starvation. ( cats ) Catching a mouse or other prey would be only a hopeless gesture, leaving ④them hungry. ( cats )

지칭 대상 추론하기 01 A more frightening possibility is that they may fight with other animals. Virtually defenseless, ⑤they could be badly injured or even killed. ( cats ) ■groom 손질하다, 단장하다

지칭 대상 추론하기 02 Box jellyfish are different from other jellyfish in several ways. (~와는 다르다) Most notably, (가장 두드러지는) ①they are umbrella-shaped, Box jellyfish rather than crown or dome-shaped.

지칭 대상 추론하기 02 The shape of their bodies enables ②them to move more quickly Box jellyfish than other jellyfish. This also allows them to wait in one place for their prey instead of simply drifting like regular jellyfish. (~ 대신에)

지칭 대상 추론하기 02 Also, ③they are known for extremely strong poison. Box jellyfish A box jellyfish injects poison into a victim through sharp, microscopic stingers on its tentacles. tentacle 촉수

지칭 대상 추론하기 02 A sting ( from a box jellyfish ) can cause severe pain and even psychological symptoms for humans.

지칭 대상 추론하기 02 Although in most cases ④they are not fatal, some victims have died. severe pain and even psychological symptoms for humans Interestingly, sea turtles seem to be unaffected by the box jellyfish’s sting and actually eat ⑤them.

지칭 대상 추론하기 03 Whenever Mrs. Wilkens talked on the phone, her three-year-old daughter , Lin, interrupted the conversation with requests for drinks of apple juice or toys from the “high place. ”

지칭 대상 추론하기 03 ①She tried to explain calmly at each interruption, “Sweetheart, Mommy is on the phone. Please don’t interrupt. ” But Lin continued to interrupt.

지칭 대상 추론하기 03 Mrs. Wilkens couldn’t stand it any more. Then one day, ②she got angry and shouted, “Don’t interrupt me!” ③She also gave her daughter a swat on the bottom to shut her up.

지칭 대상 추론하기 03 However, this didn’t shut Lin up. It angered her into crying and screaming so loudly that her mother couldn’t continue her conversation. The more her mother punished her, the more ④she interrupted. Unfortunately, ⑤she didn’t know what to do with her daughter.

지칭 대상 추론하기 04 We never believed in Santa Claus. Mom and Dad refused to let us. ①They couldn’t afford expensive presents.

지칭 대상 추론하기 04 Actually, ②they didn’t want us to think we weren’t as good as other kids who, on Christmas morning, found all sorts of fancy toys under the tree that were supposedly left by Santa Claus.

지칭 대상 추론하기 04 So ③they told us that other kids were deceived by their parents, and that the toys which, the grown-ups claimed, were made by little elves wearing bell caps in their workshop at the North Pole actually had labels on them saying ‘made in China. ’

지칭 대상 추론하기 04 ④They also taught us not to look down on those other children. In fact, it was not their fault [that ⑤they had been fooled into believing silly myths].

지칭 대상 추론하기 05 Several pieces of evidence suggest that the playwright William Shakespeare may have actually been Edward de Vere, the Earl of Oxford.

지칭 대상 추론하기 05 Although a merchant named William Shakespeare did exist, there is absolutely no evidence that ①he wrote anything during his lifetime. Edward de Vere, (however, ) was a published author.

지칭 대상 추론하기 05 ②He wrote both sonnets and plays. Another piece of evidence is de Vere’s nickname. Because the symbol of his family was a lion shaking a spear, at court ③he was known as “Spear-shaker. ”

지칭 대상 추론하기 05 In addition, as an educated courtier, ④he would have possessed the knowledge of law, medicine, history, politics, and other countries that fill Shakespeare’s plays.

지칭 대상 추론하기 05 Finally, a Bible ⑤he owned has marks next to about 250 phrases and names that appear in Shakespeare’s works.

지칭 대상 추론하기 06 Pets are now a 43 -billion-dollar business in the United States alone. That’s how much U. S. pet owners spent on their animals in 2008, not counting the cost of the pet itself.

지칭 대상 추론하기 06 Today’s pet owners carry photos of their beloved animals in ①their wallets. Several recent studies show [ that between 70% and 84% of ②them consider their pets members of the family. ] ③They treat pets like their family.

지칭 대상 추론하기 06 That doesn’t just mean providing food and shelter. That means birthday celebrations, holiday presents, phone calls when ④they are traveling, or even a postcard or a souvenir.

지칭 대상 추론하기 06 More than a third of all pet owners are reported to do one, sometimes all, of ⑤them for their pets.